{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T05:49:27Z","timestamp":1792993767384,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority (STDF), Egypt-UK Cooperation: Research Environment Grant","award":["49796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["49796"]}]},{"name":"The Cultural Affairs and Missions Sector of the Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education, Egypt"},{"name":"Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau at London, UK"},{"name":"Capital University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Wound infections represent a major category of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) that interrupt the wound healing process, resulting in delayed wound healing and increasing the incidence of mortality, morbidity and healthcare costs. With the emergence of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent need to find alternative therapeutic strategies capable of overcoming antibiotic resistance while simultaneously promoting wound healing. Previously, we synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (IONPs-CTAB), reported their antimicrobial activity against selected multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR-bacteria) and SARS-CoV2 virus, and addressed their biocompatibility with the skin and eyes of rabbits. Therefore, it is hypothesized that IONPs-CTAB might be a promising alternative therapeutic agent for management of infected wounds. Methods: IONPs-CTAB were synthesized, and their successful synthesis was confirmed by FTIR, DSC-TGA, and XPS. Their antibacterial activity against three MDR-bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), isolated from infected wounds was investigated via the microdilution test to determine MIC\/MBC, and a time\u2013kill curve study was also performed. Subsequently, an in vivo study was conducted to assess their wound healing activity on both non-infected and infected wounds. Results: IONPs-CTAB had MIC and MBC values ranging from 125 to 250, and 500 to 1000 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively. The time\u2013kill curve study showed an effective control of bacterial growth for all tested bacteria. The vivo study demonstrated the superior wound healing activity of IONPs-CTAB compared to standard treatment on both non-infected and infected wounds. This was further confirmed by histopathological examination and biochemical analysis. Conclusions: IONPs-CTAB might be a good therapeutic alternative for the management of infected and non-infected wounds. However, future studies are still required to assess their long-term safety and the possibility of their extravasation to systemic circulation, with their potential accumulation in various organs after a long-term application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15060584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:43:54Z","timestamp":1780965834000},"page":"584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Wound Healing Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Comparative In Vivo Study on Staphylococcus aureus-Infected and Non-Infected Wounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5963-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa Reda","family":"Bakkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gehad E.","family":"Elkhouly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nermeen R.","family":"Raya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9487-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kareem A.","family":"Abdelmeguid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas iela 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9223-0046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimaa K.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1651-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasmin","family":"Abo-zeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29\u201339 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/20417314231185848","article-title":"New Insights into Balancing Wound Healing and Scarless Skin Repair","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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