{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:39:17Z","timestamp":1785418757627,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82304400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["82304400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304400"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital","award":["BYSYZD2023038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BYSYZD2023038"]}]},{"award":["BYSYZD2023038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BYSYZD2023038"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04wwqze12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing Pharmaceutical Association Clinical Pharmacy Research Project","award":["LCYX-2026-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LCYX-2026-11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant postoperative challenge. Although timely perioperative prophylaxis with cephalosporins is essential to prevention, adherence to the recommended 30\u201360 min administration window may be challenging with traditional intravenous infusion (IVI) in settings with high surgical turnover, as is the case in China. Intravenous push (IVP) has been proposed as a more time-efficient alternative. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence comparing IVP with IVI for perioperative cephalosporin administration across four domains: safety, pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics (PK\/PD), efficacy, and economic impact. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature up to February 2026. Data were systematically charted and extracted using a standardized form. Results: Of the 14 included sources, only 3 were peer-reviewed comparative studies; the remaining 11 (78.6%) were gray literature documents. Among the gray literature, 72.7% (8\/11) permitted or recommended IVP for cephalosporin prophylaxis; however, this proportion reflected practice patterns of heterogeneous methodological rigor. The 3 peer-reviewed studies focused on the safety, PK\/PD, and economic outcomes. Two studies\u2014in orthopedic and bariatric surgery, respectively\u2014found no significant difference in adverse event rates between IVP and IVI, though both were limited by small samples. A single small study suggested similar PK\/PD target attainment between IVI and IVP cefazolin. No study directly compared SSI rates between the two routes. One study suggested potential cost savings with IVP, but the evidence was dated and based on limited patient numbers. Conclusions: The available evidence for IVP is predominantly derived from gray literature, while peer-reviewed articles suggest that safety and PK\/PD profiles do not differ markedly from IVI in the limited populations, surgical procedures, and agents studied; economic data are suggestive but dated. Direct comparative data on clinical efficacy outcomes, such as SSI rates, are absent. Well-powered, multi-center comparative studies comparing IVP and IVI with SSI as a primary endpoint are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15070643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T02:11:57Z","timestamp":1782785517000},"page":"643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Administration Routes for Perioperative Prophylactic Antibiotics: A Scoping Review of Intravenous Push Versus Infusion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Canyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhua","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operating Room, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3387-7549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Administration, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoning","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Infection Control, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8119-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongsheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suodi","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingqiu","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Global Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Among Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"60","author":"Mengistu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inquiry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.20408\/jti.2025.0019","article-title":"Surgical Site Infections: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"38","author":"Rezaei","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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