{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:07:08Z","timestamp":1793304428605,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Research Fund of The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","award":["ZSQYLCKYJJ202315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZSQYLCKYJJ202315"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology","award":["LCYSSQ20220823091203008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LCYSSQ20220823091203008"]}]},{"award":["LCYSSQ20220823091203008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LCYSSQ20220823091203008"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00phd3t88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82004042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82004042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["82004042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82004042"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health challenge, with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) emerging faster than new antimicrobial agents are being developed. The epidemiology of MDROs varies substantially across healthcare settings; however, newly established hospitals remain understudied. This study aimed to characterise the epidemiology and temporal trends of MDROs in a newly established tertiary hospital. Methods: A five-year retrospective longitudinal surveillance study was conducted from 2019 to 2023 in a newly established tertiary hospital in Southern China. Clinical isolates were collected from intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU wards. Nine major MDROs were investigated, including extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) and Escherichia coli (ESBL-ECO); carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), Escherichia coli (CRECO), Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA); methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) and Enterococcus faecalis (VREfa). Results: A total of 1533 MDRO isolates were identified during the study period. The predominant pathogens were ESBL-ECO (48.1%), ESBL-KP (16.4%), MRSA (11.4%), and CRPA (11.1%). Most isolates were recovered from non-ICU wards (85.4%), and more than half (51.5%) were community-onset. Isolation rates of ESBL-ECO, CRECO, CRAB, and CRPA were significantly higher in the ICU than in non-ICU wards (all p &lt; 0.05). The incidence density rate of hospital-acquired infections caused by ESBL-KP, CRAB, and CRPA was also significantly higher in the ICU (all p &lt; 0.05). Longitudinal analysis revealed divergent trends among MDROs. While most MDRO isolation rates remained below provincial and national benchmark levels, CRKP and CRAB showed significant increasing trends. CRPA exhibited a distinct pattern, increasing rapidly during the early years after hospital opening, exceeding both provincial and national benchmarks by the second year and remaining elevated thereafter. Conclusions: MDRO epidemiology during the first five complete calendar years after hospital opening was characterised by a predominance of ESBL-ECO, ESBL-KP, MRSA, and CRPA, together with substantial non-ICU and community-onset burdens and heterogeneous temporal patterns across organisms. CRPA increased rapidly and remained above the available external benchmark thereafter. These findings highlight the need for hospital-wide, organism-specific MDRO surveillance, while maintaining intensified infection prevention and control in ICUs and continued vigilance for carbapenem-resistant pathogens, particularly CRPA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15090834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:47:13Z","timestamp":1787849233000},"page":"834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distinct Epidemiology and Temporal Trends of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in a Newly Established Hospital: A Five-Year Surveillance Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7597-6335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoju","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaofan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runhan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2759-733X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinhai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Patient Experience, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youpeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators (2024). 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