{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:06:14Z","timestamp":1789553174559,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00353202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00353202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RS-2024-00353202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00353202"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health challenge, especially with tricky bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anthranilate, previously identified as a signaling molecule in P. aeruginosa, modulates various pathogenicity-related phenotypes by reducing virulence factor production, inhibiting biofilm formation, and increasing antibiotic susceptibility. Based on these good properties as an anti-virulence agent, this study evaluated the actual therapeutic potential of anthranilate using mouse skin infection and lung infection models. Specifically, the efficacy of anthranilate in a standalone treatment was investigated without reliance on conventional antibiotics. Methods: The therapeutic efficacy of anthranilate was evaluated in murine skin and lung infection models of P. aeruginosa. Anthranilate was administered as a standalone treatment, and its effects on bacterial burden, inflammatory responses, and tissue lesion progression were assessed and compared with those of gentamicin treatment. Results: Anthranilate effectively reduced bacterial suppuration, mitigated inflammatory responses, and suppressed lesion progression in infected skin and lung tissues. Notably, anthranilate alone produced therapeutic effects comparable to those of gentamicin. Conclusions: These findings highlight its potential of standalone treatment as an alternative to traditional antibiotics and offer a novel anti-virulence strategy that minimizes selective pressure for resistance development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15090898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:14:59Z","timestamp":1789146899000},"page":"898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anthranilate Reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Severity Through an Antibiotic-Independent Anti-Virulence Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7142-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huiyan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Min-Hee","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4490-1660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Xin","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4196-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4290-2945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joon-Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1054\/drup.2000.0152","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Mechanisms and impact on treatment","volume":"3","author":"Hancock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Resist. 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