{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:08:07Z","timestamp":1781651287409,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,16]],"date-time":"2019-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TR31079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TR31079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to characterize a collection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates of human and animal origin from Serbia. In total, 36 MRSA isolates\u201430 obtained from humans and six from companion animals\u2014were investigated by PCR for the presence of antibiotic and biocide resistance determinants and virulence genes (PVL\u2014Panton\u2013Valentine leukocidin, ETs\u2014exfoliative toxins, TSST\u2014toxic shock syndrome toxin, SEs\u2014staphylococcal enterotoxins, and MSCRAMMs\u2014microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules and biofilm). Isolates were analyzed by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), spa, and dru typing, as well as by multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat analyses (MLVA), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and subsequently, eBURST. The majority of human MRSA isolates were resistant to gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin. Different antibiotic resistance genes were detected: aac-aphD, ant(6\u2032)-Ia, erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), tet(K), tet(M), fexA, and catpC221. All isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and linezolid. SCCmec type III was prevalent in human isolates, while SCCmec elements in animals were mostly nontypeable. t037 was the predominant spa type in human and t242 in animal MRSA isolates. The prevalent dru type was dt11c in human and dt10a in animal MRSA isolates. MRSA isolates exhibited 27 different MLVA types. ST239 was predominant in human, while ST5 was prevalent in canine MRSA isolates. PVL was found in two, while tsst-1 was detected in three human isolates. Human-associated clones belonging to ST5, ST45, and ST239 MRSA clones were discovered in companion animals, which suggests anthropozoonotic transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics8010026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T12:18:53Z","timestamp":1552911533000},"page":"26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genetic Profiling and Comparison of Human and Animal Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates from Serbia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4470-2330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Asanin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dusan","family":"Misic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ksenija","family":"Aksentijevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoran","family":"Tambur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia and Faculty of Stomatology in Pancevo, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bojan","family":"Rakonjac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology Military Medical Academy, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Kovacevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene Military Medical Academy, 11000 Beograd, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Spergser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Wien, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1401-2961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Loncaric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Wien, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn405","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and animals: Zoonosis or humanosis?","volume":"62","author":"Morgan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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