{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:32:03Z","timestamp":1787027523033,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP180100805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180100805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has proven to be an imminent threat to public health, intensifying the need for novel therapeutics. Previous evidence suggests that cannabinoids harbour potent antibacterial activity. In this study, a group of previously inaccessible phytocannabinoids and synthetic analogues were examined for potential antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and dynamics of bacterial inhibition, determined through resazurin reduction and time-kill assays, revealed the potent antibacterial activity of the phytocannabinoids against gram-positive antibiotic-resistant bacterial species, including MRSA. One phytocannabinoid, cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), demonstrated faster and more potent bactericidal activity than vancomycin, the currently recommended antibiotic for the treatment of MRSA infections. Such bactericidal activity was sustained against low-and high-dose inoculums as well as exponential- and stationary-phase MRSA cells. Further, mammalian cell viability was maintained in the presence of CBCA. Finally, microscopic evaluation suggests that CBCA may function through the degradation of the bacterial lipid membrane and alteration of the bacterial nucleoid. The results of the current study provide encouraging evidence that cannabinoids may serve as a previously unrecognised resource for the generation of novel antibiotics active against MRSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9080523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Rapid Antibacterial Activity of Cannabichromenic Acid against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9865-1236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Galletta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre and Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1415-8880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tristan A.","family":"Reekie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayathri","family":"Nagalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre and Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Bottomley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Harry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kassiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Triccas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre and Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2015.213","article-title":"Evolving epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"36","author":"Rhee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. 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