{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T12:11:06Z","timestamp":1778933466214,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed at the characterization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates focusing on typing of the blaOXA-48-like genes. Additionally, the correlation between the resistance pattern and biofilm formation capacity of the carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates was studied. The collected isolates were assessed for their antimicrobial resistance and carbapenemases production by a modified Hodge test and inhibitor-based tests. The carbapenemases encoding genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaOXA-48-like) were detected by PCR. Isolates harboring blaOXA-48-like genes were genotyped by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) and plasmid profile analysis. The discriminatory power of the three typing methods (antibiogram, ERIC-PCR, and plasmid profile analysis) was compared by calculation of Simpson\u2019s Diversity Index (SDI). The transferability of blaOXA-48 gene was tested by chemical transformation. The biofilm formation capacity and the prevalence of the genes encoding the fimbrial adhesins (fimH-1 and mrkD) were investigated. The isolates showed remarkable resistance to \u03b2-lactams and non-\u03b2-lactams antimicrobials. The coexistence of the investigated carbapenemases encoding genes was prevalent except for only 15 isolates. The plasmid profile analysis had the highest discriminatory power (SDI = 0.98) in comparison with ERIC-PCR (SDI = 0.89) and antibiogram (SDI = 0.78). The transferability of blaOXA-48 gene was unsuccessful. All isolates were biofilm formers with the absence of a significant correlation between the biofilm formation capacity and resistance profile. The genes fimH-1 and mrkD were prevalent among the isolates. The prevalence of carbapenemases encoding genes, especially blaOXA-48-like genes in Egyptian healthcare settings, is worrisome and necessitates further strict dissemination control measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9120852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T03:51:16Z","timestamp":1606535476000},"page":"852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4144-2641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzan Mohammed","family":"Ragheb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9825-2198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud Mohamed","family":"Tawfick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0645-7664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amani Ali","family":"El-Kholy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0750-6878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeer Khairy","family":"Abdulall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: Tackling a crisis for the health and wealth of nations","volume":"20","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. 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