{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T22:03:28Z","timestamp":1793916208277,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health Research Institute","award":["NHRI-EX101-9935EI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX101-9935EI"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH-107-7R54"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH-107-7R54"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004694","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMU-TC108A02-1, NCTUKMU108-BIO-04, NPUST-KMU-109-P002 and KMU-DK10500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMU-TC108A02-1, NCTUKMU108-BIO-04, NPUST-KMU-109-P002 and KMU-DK10500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital","award":["KMTTH107-26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMTTH107-26"]}]},{"name":"Minister of Science and Technology of Taiwan","award":["MOST 108-2314-B-037 -059 -MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2314-B-037 -059 -MY3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(-)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is the main active green tea catechin and has a wide variety of benefits for health. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) occurs as a consequence of joint injuries that commonly happen in the young population. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG on PTOA prevention by using the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)\u2013OA model and further investigated the roles of autophagy in OA treatment. Our results showed that intra-articular injection of EGCG significantly improved the functional performances and decreased cartilage degradation. EGCG treatment attenuated the inflammation on synovial tissue and cartilage through less immunostained cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-13. We further noted EGCG may modulate the chondrocyte apoptosis by activation of the cytoprotective autophagy through reducing the expression of the mTOR and enhancing the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, beclin-1, and p62. In conclusion, intra-articular injection of EGCG after ACL injury inhibited the joint inflammation and cartilage degradation, thereby increasing joint function. EGCG treatment also reduced the chondrocyte apoptosis, possibly by activating autophagy. These findings suggested that EGCG may be a potential disease-modifying drug for preventing OA progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T08:38:43Z","timestamp":1608712723000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Intra-Articular Injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate to Attenuate Articular Cartilage Degeneration by Enhancing Autophagy in a Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8638-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsuan-Ti","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical 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Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-1174-6","article-title":"Reconstructive versus non-reconstructive treatment of anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. 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