{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:39:32Z","timestamp":1790674772627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes protects individuals against the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Despite improved hemodynamic efficiency, the effect of eccentric cycling training (ECT) on erythrocyte antioxidative capacity remains unclear. This study investigates how ECT affects erythrocyte antioxidative capacity and metabolism in sedentary males. Thirty-six sedentary healthy males were randomly assigned to either concentric cycling training (CCT, n = 12) or ECT (n = 12) at 60% of the maximal workload for 30 min\/day, 5 days\/week for 6 weeks or to a control group (n = 12) that did not receive an exercise intervention. A graded exercise test (GXT) was performed before and after the intervention. Erythrocyte metabolic characteristics and O2 release capacity were determined by UPLC-MS and high-resolution respirometry, respectively. An acute GXT depleted Glutathione (GSH), accumulated Glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and elevated the GSSG\/GSH ratio, whereas both CCT and ECT attenuated the extent of the elevated GSSG\/GSH ratio caused by a GXT. Moreover, the two exercise regimens upregulated glycolysis and increased glucose consumption and lactate production, leading to intracellular acidosis and facilitation of O2 release from erythrocytes. Both CCT and ECT enhance antioxidative capacity against severe exercise-evoked circulatory oxidative stress. Moreover, the two exercise regimens activate erythrocyte glycolysis, resulting in lowered intracellular pH and enhanced O2 released from erythrocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10020285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,14]],"date-time":"2021-02-14T02:08:12Z","timestamp":1613268492000},"page":"285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Eccentric Cycling Training Improves Erythrocyte Antioxidant and Oxygen Releasing Capacity Associated with Enhanced Anaerobic Glycolysis and Intracellular Acidosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6286-4494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Chieh","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-133X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei-Ling","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2536-6370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsiang-Yu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Yao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging Research Center, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Medical Collage, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging Research Center, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Medical Collage, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Shyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging Research Center, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Medical Collage, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Heart Failure Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hody, S., Croisier, J.L., Bury, T., Rogister, B., and Leprince, P. 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