{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:31:12Z","timestamp":1788993072564,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]],"date-time":"2021-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Comunidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","award":["PEJ-2019-AI\/BMD-12585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PEJ-2019-AI\/BMD-12585"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of sun exposure on the skin and specifically those related to pigmentation disorders are well known. It has recently been shown that blue light leads to the induction of oxidative stress and long-lasting pigmentation. The protective effect of an aqueous extract of Polypodium leucotomos (Fernblock\u00ae) is known. Our aim was to investigate the action mechanism of Fernblock\u00ae against pigmentation induced by blue light from digital devices. Human fibroblasts (HDF) and murine melanocytes (B16-F10) were exposed to artificial blue light (a 400\u2013500 nm LED lamp). Cell viability, mitochondrial morphology, and the expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, known markers involved in the melanogenesis pathway, were evaluated. The activation of Opsin-3, a membrane protein sensitive to blue light that triggers the activation of the enzyme tyrosinase responsible for melanogenesis in melanocytes, was also analyzed. Our results demonstrated that pretreatment with Fernblock\u00ae prevents cell death, alteration of mitochondrial morphology, and phosphorylation of p38 in HDF exposed to blue light. In addition, Fernblock\u00ae significantly reduced the activation of Opsin-3 in melanocytes and the photo-oxidation of melanin, preventing its photodegradation. In sum, Fernblock\u00ae exerts beneficial effects against the detrimental impact of blue light from digital devices and could prevent early photoaging, while maintaining skin homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]],"date-time":"2021-03-07T20:20:43Z","timestamp":1615148443000},"page":"400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Aqueous Extract of Polypodium leucotomos (Fernblock\u00ae) Regulates Opsin 3 and Prevents Photooxidation of Melanin Precursors on Skin Cells Exposed to Blue Light Emitted from Digital Devices"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0830-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikel","family":"Portillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aut\u00f3noma University of Madrid (UAM), Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mataix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aut\u00f3noma University of Madrid (UAM), Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Alonso-Juarranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgery Unit. San Carlos Clinical Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1936-3851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Lorrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aut\u00f3noma University of Madrid (UAM), Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Villalba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Department, Cantabria Labs, 28043 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azahara","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, Cantabria Labs, 28043 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9282-4784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvador","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares University, 28805 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2011.04.003","article-title":"Aging Skin: Histology, Physiology, and Pathology","volume":"19","author":"Khavkin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Facial Plast. 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