{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:12:35Z","timestamp":1789600355115,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean government","award":["316054-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["316054-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Complex extracts of Ligularia stenocephala Matsum. &amp; Koidz. (LSE) and Secale cereale L. sprout (SCSE) (TEES-10\u00ae) were prepared. The purposes of the study were to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities of TEES-10\u00ae in vitro and to observe resolution of gingivitis in human with oral administration of TEES-10\u00ae. The effects of TEES-10\u00ae on normal periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced PDL cell viability and the changes of inflammatory mediator expression were evaluated in vitro. In the clinical trial, 150 mg of TEES-10\u00ae powder containing capsule was administered twice daily to the test group, while the control group administered placebos in a total 100 participants with gingivitis. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss, gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline and 4 weeks. Administering TEES-10\u00ae showed significant increase in PDL cell viability compared to administering LSE or SCSE alone. In addition, treating TEES-10\u00ae to LPS induced PDL cell significantly increased PDL cell viability compared to control. TEES-10\u00ae suppressed expression of NF-\u03baB, p-ERK, ERK, COX-2, c-Fos and p-STAT and promoted expression of PPAR\u03b3 in LPS induced PDL cells. In the clinical trial, significant improvement of GI and BOP was observed in the test group at 4 weeks. In addition, the number of patients diagnosed with gingivitis was significantly reduced in the test group at 4 weeks. Salivary MMP-8 and MMP-9 was also significantly decreased compared to placebo group. Within the limitations of this study, the TEES-10\u00ae would have an anti-inflammatory potential clinically in the chronic gingivitis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10101586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T21:19:32Z","timestamp":1633900772000},"page":"1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Complex Extracts of Ligularia stenocephala Matsum. &amp; Koidz. and Secale cereale L. Sprout in Chronic Gingivitis: In Vitro Investigation and Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0486-9593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inpyo","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Medical Corps of RoKAF 20th Fighter Wing, Seosan 31987, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo-Hun","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si 16006, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Hee","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5554-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Won","family":"Paik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1276-5978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6704-6124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong-Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Kook","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12169","article-title":"Host modulation: Controlling the inflammation to control the infection","volume":"75","author":"Bartold","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12331","article-title":"Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy","volume":"84","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12939","article-title":"Plaque-induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations","volume":"45","author":"Trombelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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