{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:52:27Z","timestamp":1791831147262,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C1010091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C1010091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, and is caused by the death of dopamine neurons and neuroinflammation in the striatum and substantia nigra. Furthermore, the inflammatory response in PD is closely related to glial cell activation. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of the barbiturate derivative, MHY2699 [5-(4-hydroxy 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-2 thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione] in a mouse model of PD. MHY2699 ameliorated MPP\u207a-induced astrocyte activation and ROS production in primary astrocytes and inhibited the MPP\u207a-induced phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-\u03baB. The anti-inflammatory effects of MHY2699 in protecting neurons were examined in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. MHY2699 inhibited MPTP-induced motor dysfunction and prevented dopaminergic neuronal death, suggesting that it attenuated neuroinflammation. Overall, MHY2699 has potential as a neuroprotective treatment for PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10111855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T02:55:17Z","timestamp":1637636117000},"page":"1855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Novel Barbiturate Derivative MHY2699 in an MPTP-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1019-5991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seulah","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon Ji","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonguk","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Geun","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9005-5990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinakaran","family":"Thirumalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2333-9424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Cheol","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Wung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0299-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Suk","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1119-7112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyung Ryong","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Drug 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