{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:43:20Z","timestamp":1787982200954,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Croatian Government and the European Union","award":["KK.01.1.1.04.0093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KK.01.1.1.04.0093"]}]},{"name":"Croatian Government and the European Union","award":["KK.01.1.1.04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KK.01.1.1.04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Functional beverages based on herbal extracts are highly demanded products due to the presence of bioactives with promising health benefits and interesting and characteristic sensory properties. Mediterranean medicinal and aromatic herbs contain a wide range of bioactives (non-volatile polyphenols, volatile terpenes) that are important constituents of herbal extracts and essential oils. The antioxidant capacity and potential health benefits of these bioactives could be associated with their synergistic effects. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the non-volatile and volatile bioactives of sage (Salvia officinalis L.), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) aqueous extracts and their two- and three-component mixtures as well as their antioxidant capacity. The content of total phenols, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols was determined spectrophotometrically. Individual polyphenols were analyzed by LC-MS\/MS, the volatiles were analyzed by HS-SPME\/GC-MS, and the antioxidant capacity was analyzed by ORAC and DPPH assays. The results showed that aqueous extracts of all examined herbs and their mixtures contained a high content of phenolic compounds ranging from 0.97 to 2.79 g L\u22121 of the sample, among which the most common were flavonols. At the same time, mono- and sesquiterpenes were the main volatiles. All extracts showed high antioxidant capacity, especially L. nobilis (781.62 \u00b1 5.19 \u03bcmol TE mL\u22121 of the sample in the DPPH assay; 1896.10 \u00b1 8.77 \u03bcmol TE mL\u22121 of the sample in the ORAC assay) and the two-component mixture of L. nobilis and T. serpyllum (679.12 \u00b1 5.19 \u03bcmol TE mL\u22121 in the DPPH assay; 1913.38 \u00b1 8.77 \u03bcmol TE mL\u22121 in the ORAC assay). Mixtures of herbal extracts have been shown to possess additive or synergistic effects, consequently contributing to higher antioxidant capacity. Therefore, two-component mixtures of herbal extracts showed promising potential for the production of functional beverages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11061140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T10:25:12Z","timestamp":1654856712000},"page":"1140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Non-Volatile and Volatile Bioactives of Salvia officinalis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Laurus nobilis L. Extracts with Potential Use in the Development of Functional Beverages"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1632-3798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivanka","family":"Male\u0161","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4179-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verica","family":"Dragovi\u0107-Uzelac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0727-6662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Jerkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9386-374X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoran","family":"Zori\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5491-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Pedisi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-5575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Repaji\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5817-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivona Elez","family":"Garofuli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4212-7168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Dobrin\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"Indian Traditional Medicinal Plants: A Concise Review","volume":"5","author":"Poddar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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