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Therefore, we investigated both the physiological features and molecular mechanisms of plants\u2019 response to low-Fe (LF) stress along with the mitigation of LF with exogenous spermidine (Spd) in tomato plants. The results showed that exogenous Spd foliar application relieved the suppressing effect of LF stress on tomato plants by regulating the photosynthetic efficiency, chlorophyll metabolism, antioxidant levels, organic acid secretion, polyamine metabolism and osmoregulatory systems. Analysis of transcriptomic sequencing results revealed that the differentially expressed genes of iron-deficiency stress were mainly enriched in the pathways of phytohormone signaling, starch and sucrose metabolism and phenyl propane biosynthesis in both leaves and roots. Moreover, Spd-induced promotion of growth under LF stress was associated with upregulation in the expression of some transcription factors that are related to growth hormone response in leaves (GH3, SAUR, ARF) and ethylene-related signaling factors in roots (ERF1, ERF2). We propose that traits associated with changes in low-iron-tolerance genes can potentially be used to improve tomato production. The study provides a theoretical basis for dealing with the iron deficiency issue to develop efficient nutrient management strategies in protected tomato cultivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11071260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T22:31:14Z","timestamp":1656369074000},"page":"1260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Mechanisms of Exogenous Spermidine-Induced Tolerance to Low-Iron Stress in Solanum lycopersicum L"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Vegetables, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiumin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Vegetables, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3086-6644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9621-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Golam Jalal","family":"Ahammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12818","article-title":"Influence of exogenously applied nitric oxide on strawberry (Fragaria \u00d7 ananassa) plants grown under iron deficiency and\/or saline stress","volume":"165","author":"Kaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. 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