{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T01:56:32Z","timestamp":1784426192494,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004263","name":"FAPERGS (Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio Grande do Sul)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19\/2551-0001-873-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19\/2551-0001-873-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004263","name":"FAPERGS (Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio Grande do Sul)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303263\/2018-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303263\/2018-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq research fellowship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19\/2551-0001-873-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19\/2551-0001-873-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq research fellowship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303263\/2018-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303263\/2018-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ilex paraguariensis (Herb mate) is a native plant from South America, widely consumed through the infusion of dried leaves. The presence of antioxidant properties in herb mate may be relevant and contribute to evaluating the effect of its compounds against oxidative stress, which could cause neurodegenerative diseases. Despite having health benefits, there are reports of the presence of heavy metals in extracts obtained from the infusion. One of these metals is iron (Fe), found in large amounts in herb mate. To reverse the cumulative effects of metals and Fe in the body, the use of Deferoxamine (Dfx) is indicated, being a potent chelator of Fe. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the micro-encapsulated extract of I. paraguariensis (MEIP) supplemented with Dfx on zebrafish behavior and biochemical biomarkers. To evaluate the effect per se and the supplementation, four groups were established: the first group was the control (water); the second, fish treated with MEIP; the third group was formed of fish treated with Dfx; while the fourth group was treated with both MEIP and Dfx. When applied alone, Dfx presents an anxiogenic-like pattern on zebrafish (Danio rerio), while the MEIP shows an anxiolytic-like behavior. The antioxidant enzymes are re-modulated close to control when the MEIP + Dfx is applied. The cholinergic system shows an activation of the signaling, as well as the heme radical group formation, which is not affected by the Dfx-chelating effect. Thus, the supplementation of MEIP with Dfx is important to transform this extract into one that is safer and healthier for human consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11081507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T21:49:02Z","timestamp":1659304142000},"page":"1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Deferoxamine Supplementation Abolished Iron-Related Toxicity of Ilex paraguariensis Extract: Behavioral and Biochemical Evaluation in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wagner Antonio","family":"Tamagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sert\u00e3o Campus, Sert\u00e3o 99170-000, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105\u2013900, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sert\u00e3o Campus, Sert\u00e3o 99170-000, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo 99052\u2013900, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Tessaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sert\u00e3o Campus, Sert\u00e3o 99170-000, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Erechim Campus, Erechim 99700-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Tafarel","family":"Sutorillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sert\u00e3o Campus, Sert\u00e3o 99170-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wallace","family":"Santin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sert\u00e3o Campus, Sert\u00e3o 99170-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Jos\u00e9 Gil","family":"Barcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105\u2013900, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo 99052\u2013900, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C280","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2010.01548.x","article-title":"Phenolic Acids and Methylxanthines Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Residue","volume":"75","author":"Vieira","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.01115","article-title":"Antioxidant Potential of Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis St. Hil.) Extracts in Saccharomyces Cerevisae Deficient in Oxidant Defense Genes","volume":"76","author":"Valduga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Braz. J. Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2009.12.003","article-title":"Yerba Mate Tea (Ilex Paraguariensis): Phenolics, Antioxidant Capacity and in Vitro Inhibition of Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation","volume":"2","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8394","DOI":"10.1021\/jf801748s","article-title":"Effect of Growing and Drying Conditions on the Phenolic Composition of Mate Teas (Ilex Paraguariensis)","volume":"56","author":"Heck","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamagno, W.A., Santini, W., Alves, C., Vanin, A.P., Pompermaier, A., Bilibio, D., Sutorillo, N.T., Kaizer, R.R., and Barcellos, L.J.G. (2022). Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effects of Pitaya Fruit on Cu-Induced Stress in Adult Zebrafish. J. Food Biochem., e14147.","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.14147"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.10.018","article-title":"Fatty Acid and Volatile Compounds from Salami Manufactured with Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Extract and Pork Back Fat and Meat from Pigs Fed on Diets with Partial Replacement of Maize with Rice Bran","volume":"103","author":"Hierro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2017.11.001","article-title":"Ilex Paraguariensis: Potential Antioxidant on Aluminium Toxicity, in an Experimental Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"181","author":"Bortoli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5523","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2008343","article-title":"Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Yerba-Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., Aquifoliaceae) Extract as Obtained by Spray Drying","volume":"59","author":"Beux","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2006.07.009","article-title":"Microencapsulation of Anthocyanin Pigments of Black Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) by Spray Drier","volume":"80","author":"Ersus","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"e13981","article-title":"Fruit Extract of Red Pitaya (Hylocereus Undatus) Prevents and Reverses Stress-Induced Impairments in the Cholinergic and Antioxidant Systems of Caenorhabditis Elegans","volume":"46","author":"Tamagno","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-017-0005-8","article-title":"Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Development: A Critical Review","volume":"41","author":"Seneviratne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, S.S., Kadier, A., Malyan, S.K., Ahmad, A., and Bishnoi, N.R. (2017). Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation: Uptake, Mobilization and Sequestration of Heavy Metals by Plants. Plant-Microbe Interactions in Agro-Ecological Perspectives, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-6593-4_15"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2017.03.011","article-title":"Nickel, Cadmium and Lead Phytotoxicity and Potential of Halophytic Plants in Heavy Metal Extraction","volume":"111","author":"Amari","year":"2017","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2010.08.016","article-title":"Heavy Metal Hyperaccumulating Plants: How and Why Do They Do It? And What Makes Them so Interesting?","volume":"180","author":"Rascio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-89132006000600001","article-title":"N Sources Affect Growth, Nutrient Content, and Net Photosynthesis in Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis St. Hil.)","volume":"49","author":"Gaiad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2017.07.002","article-title":"The Iron Chelating Agent, Deferoxamine Detoxifies Fe (Salen)-Induced Cytotoxicity","volume":"134","author":"Umemura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03981-7","article-title":"The Role of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Iron Homeostasis in Object Recognition Impairment in Aged Sepsis-Survivor Rats","volume":"12","author":"Nikaido","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"e4196","article-title":"Regular Care and Maintenance of a Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Laboratory: An Introduction","volume":"69","author":"Avdesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"JoVE (J. Vis. Exp.)"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12111","article-title":"The Zebrafish Reference Genome Sequence and Its Relationship to the Human Genome","volume":"496","author":"Howe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.04.133","article-title":"Microencapsulation Structures Based on Protein-Coated Liposomes Obtained through Electrospraying for the Stabilization and Improved Bioaccessibility of Curcumin","volume":"233","author":"Sipoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.08.022","article-title":"Nano-Encapsulation of Fish Oil in Nano-Liposomes and Its Application in Fortification of Yogurt","volume":"216","author":"Ghorbanzade","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5343","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5343","article-title":"Feeding Regimen Modulates Zebrafish Behavior","volume":"6","author":"Dametto","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025762314250","article-title":"Zebra Fish: An Uncharted Behavior Genetic Model","volume":"33","author":"Gerlai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(91)90067-M","article-title":"A Simple Method for Determination of Serum Catalase Activity and Revision of Reference Range","volume":"196","author":"Goth","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90554-4","article-title":"A Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Catalase Activity in Small Tissue Samples","volume":"174","author":"Johansson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42083-8","article-title":"Glutathione S-Transferases: The First Enzymatic Step in Mercapturic Acid Formation","volume":"249","author":"Habig","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(81)77053-8","article-title":"[51] Assays for Differentiation of Glutathione S-Transferases","volume":"Volume 77","author":"Habig","year":"1981","journal-title":"Methods in Enzymology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)45228-9","article-title":"The Role of Superoxide Anion in the Autoxidation of Epinephrine and a Simple Assay for Superoxide Dismutase","volume":"247","author":"Misra","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.015","article-title":"Fish Oil Decreases the Severity of Treatment-Related Adverse Events in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Triple-Blind Clinical Trial","volume":"31","author":"Mocellin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(61)90145-9","article-title":"A New and Rapid Colorimetric Determination of Acetylcholinesterase Activity","volume":"7","author":"Ellman","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-008-9725-6","article-title":"Effect of Long-Term Exposure to Aluminum on the Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Central Nervous System and Erythrocytes","volume":"33","author":"Kaizer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000459097","article-title":"Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Assay","volume":"28","author":"Sassa","year":"1982","journal-title":"Enzyme"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769809065821","article-title":"Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation","volume":"28","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"Free. Radic. Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-012-9713-2","article-title":"Endocrine (Plasma Cortisol and Glucose) and Behavioral (Locomotor and Self-Feeding Activity) Circadian Rhythms in Senegalese Sole (Solea Senegalensis Kaup 1858) Exposed to Light\/Dark Cycles or Constant Light","volume":"39","author":"Oliveira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-007-9150-9","article-title":"Validation, Use, and Disadvantages of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for Detection of Cortisol in Channel Catfish, Largemouth Bass, Red Pacu, and Golden Shiners","volume":"34","author":"Sink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3390\/12030423","article-title":"Phenolic Antioxidants Identified by ESI-MS from Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) and Green Tea (Camelia Sinensis) Extracts","volume":"12","author":"Bastos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.08.085","article-title":"Improved LC-MSn Characterization of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives and Flavonols in Different Commercial Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Brands. Quantification of Polyphenols, Methylxanthines, and Antioxidant Activity","volume":"241","author":"Mateos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.02.021","article-title":"Optimized Camellia Sinensis Var. Sinensis, Ilex Paraguariensis, and Aspalathus Linearis Blend Presents High Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities in a Beverage Model","volume":"254","author":"Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006350921010176","article-title":"The Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous Extracts from Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis)","volume":"66","author":"Teselkin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biophysics"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-020-04669-y","article-title":"Active Food Additive Based on Encapsulated Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Extract: Effect of Drying Methods on the Oxidative Stability of a Real Food Matrix (Mayonnaise)","volume":"58","author":"Fenoglio","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108600","article-title":"Impact of the Use of Saccharides in the Encapsulation of Ilex Paraguariensis Extract","volume":"125","author":"Meinhart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.100999","article-title":"Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Microparticles Modulate Antioxidant Markers in the Plasma and Brains of Rats","volume":"41","author":"Vargas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2018.05.009","article-title":"Optimization of Spray Drying Parameters for Murraya Koenigii (Linn) Leaves Extract Using Response Surface Methodology","volume":"335","author":"Sablania","year":"2018","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.05.003","article-title":"Heavy Metal Toxicity: An Update of Chelating Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"54","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2019.01.004","article-title":"Biocompatibility and Toxicity of Novel Iron Chelator Starch-Deferoxamine (S-DFO) Compared to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Zebrafish Embryo: An Oxidative Stress Based Apoptosis, Physicochemical and Neurological Study Profile","volume":"72","author":"Nasrallah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08681-9","article-title":"Macroelement, Trace Element, and Toxic Metal Levels in Leaves and Infusions of Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis)","volume":"27","author":"Olivari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/tqem.21651","article-title":"The Toxicological Paradigms of Aluminum and the Etiology of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans","volume":"29","author":"Vanin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Qual. Manag."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/tqem.21657","article-title":"Deferoxamine Pretreatment Inhibits Metal Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis Elegans","volume":"29","author":"Alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Qual. Manag."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2019.0111","article-title":"Deferoxamine: An Angiogenic and Antioxidant Molecule for Tissue Regeneration","volume":"25","author":"Holden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part B: Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2016.1415","article-title":"Comparative Analyses of Zebrafish Anxiety-like Behavior Using Conflict-Based Novelty Tests","volume":"14","author":"Kysil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2019.04.008","article-title":"Heme Biosynthesis and the Porphyrias","volume":"128","author":"Phillips","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Metab."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Roh, Y.J., Han, S.-J., Park, I., Lee, H.M., Ok, Y.S., Lee, B.C., and Lee, S.-R. (2020). Role of Selenoproteins in Redox Regulation of Signaling and the Antioxidant System: A Review. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050383"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13036","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13036","article-title":"The Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Selected Diseases","volume":"49","author":"Lewandowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000164043.24549.50","article-title":"SOD Isoforms and Signaling in Blood Vessels: Evidence for the Importance of ROS Compartmentalization","volume":"25","author":"Mendez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2018.03.005","article-title":"Rationally Designed Mimics of Antioxidant Manganoenzymes: Role of Structural Features in the Quest for Catalysts with Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase Activity","volume":"365","author":"Signorella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2012.04.009","article-title":"Effect of Temperature on Oxidative Stress in Fish: Lipid Peroxidation and Catalase Activity in the Muscle of Juvenile Seabass, Dicentrarchus Labrax","volume":"23","author":"Vinagre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1179\/174329210X12650506623087","article-title":"Bioavailability and Catalytic Properties of Copper and Iron for Fenton Chemistry in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid","volume":"15","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Redox Rep."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savastano, M., Boscaro, F., and Bianchi, A. (2021). Metal Coordination Properties of a Chromophoric Desferrioxamine (DFO) Derivative: Insight on the Coordination Stoichiometry and Thermodynamic Stability of Zr4+ Complexes. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010184"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"141","article-title":"Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity in Tissues of Black Sea Fish Species","volume":"1","author":"Rudneva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5136","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5136","article-title":"Enriched Environment Prevents Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Submitted to Unpredictable Chronic Stress","volume":"6","author":"Marcon","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v13i8.12","article-title":"Comparative Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Ilex Laurina and Ilex Paraguariensis on Colon Cancer Cells","volume":"13","author":"Maldonado","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4354","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.15909","article-title":"de M.C. Effect of Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Leaves on Dough Properties, Antioxidant Activity, and Bread Quality Using Whole Wheat Flour","volume":"86","author":"Santetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"e14050","article-title":"Pitaya Fruit Extract Ameliorates the Healthspan on Copper-Induced Toxicity of Caenorhabditis Elegans","volume":"43","author":"Tamagno","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."}],"container-title":["Antioxidants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/11\/8\/1507\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:27Z","timestamp":1760140827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/11\/8\/1507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["antiox11081507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox11081507","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3921"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3921","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]]}}}