{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:51:50Z","timestamp":1778903510360,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033","award":["AGL2017-85603-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2017-85603-P"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"UCLM scholarship","award":["AGL2017-85603-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2017-85603-P"]}]},{"name":"UCLM scholarship","award":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"UCLM scholarship","award":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"JCCM scholarship","award":["AGL2017-85603-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2017-85603-P"]}]},{"name":"JCCM scholarship","award":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-120281RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"JCCM scholarship","award":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117788RB-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The advent of nanotechnology in the field of animal reproduction has led to the development of safer and more efficient therapies. The use of nanotechnology allows us to avoid the detrimental effects of certain traditional antioxidants, such as Vitamin E. Its hydrophobic nature makes mandatory the use of organic solvents, which are toxic to sperm cells. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of vitamin E nanoemulsions (NE) on ram (Ovis aries) spermatozoa. For this purpose, the effect of three NE concentrations (6, 12, and 24 mM) were assessed on sperm of 10 mature rams of the Manchega breed. Sperm samples were collected by artificial vagina, pooled, and diluted in Bovine Gamete Medium. The samples were stored at 37 \u00b0C and assessed at 0, 4, 8, and 24 h under oxidative stress conditions (100 \u00b5M Fe2+\/ascorbate). Motility (CASA), viability (YO-PRO\/IP), acrosomal integrity (PNA-FITC\/IP), mitochondrial membrane potential (Mitotracker Deep Red 633), lipoperoxidation (C11 BODIPY 581\/591), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA status (SCSA\u00ae\u00ae) were assessed. A linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of time, NE, and oxidant (fixed factors) on sperm parameters, and a random effect on the male was also included in the model with Tukey\u2019s post hoc test. Protection of ram spermatozoa with NE resulted in a more vigorous motility under oxidative stress conditions with respect Control and Free vitamin E, while preventing the deleterious effects of oxidative stress coming from the production of free radicals and lipid peroxidation. These results ascertain the high relevance of the use of delivery systems for sperm physiology preservation in the context of assisted reproduction techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11101988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T22:47:27Z","timestamp":1665182847000},"page":"1988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Vitamin E Lipid-Based Nanodevices as a Tool for Ovine Sperm Protection against Oxidative Stress: Impact on Sperm Motility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5936-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Jurado-Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5648-5308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Javier","family":"Soria-Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4112-669X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Arenas-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Unidad NanoDrug, 02071 Albacete, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7588-0781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Alonso-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Unidad NanoDrug, 02071 Albacete, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1589-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Unidad NanoDrug, 02071 Albacete, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9831-8281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Robledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8232-3940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Ajofr\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6429-5157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Josefa","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3667-6518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Juli\u00e1n","family":"Garde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3359-1623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda del Roc\u00edo","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio IREC (CSIC\u2014UCLM\u2014JCCM), Campus Universitario, s\/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1071\/RD15325","article-title":"Causes and consequences of oxidative stress in spermatozoa","volume":"28","author":"Aitken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. 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