{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:17:40Z","timestamp":1784305060994,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a chemotherapeutic agent involved in the treatment regimens for several malignancies such as colorectal cancer. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of several diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed at investigating whether NAC provides protection against hepatorenal and gastrointestinal tissue damage induced by CPT-11. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups as control, NAC, CPT-11, and CPT-11+NAC. Following the experimental period, blood, and tissue samples (liver, kidney, stomach, and small intestine) were collected, and biochemical indicators, together with pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were evaluated. Both the biochemical indicators and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMP, and MDA levels increased in animals treated with CPT-11, while SOD and GPx activities decreased. Histopathological evaluation revealed structural damage in all examined tissues. With NAC administration, significant improvements were observed, both biochemically and histologically. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that NAC treatment together with CPT-11 may have a beneficial effect on reducing CPT-11 toxicity in rats, by modulating inflammation and the oxidant\u2013antioxidant balance. These results strongly promote further investigative studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T19:18:29Z","timestamp":1668107909000},"page":"2219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigation of the Possible Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) against Irinotecan (CPT-11)-Induced Toxicity in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1979-3058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevgi","family":"Gen\u00e7osman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2352-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Ceylanl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5175-9290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet \u00d6zer","family":"\u015eehirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9964-6383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerem","family":"Teral\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cyprus International University, 99258 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furkan","family":"B\u00f6l\u00fckba\u015f\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34722 \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eule","family":"\u00c7etinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34722 \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3297-5369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Say\u0131ner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.12125","article-title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Chemotherapy Combined with Thoracic Radiotherapy versus Chemotherapy Alone for Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Propensity-Score Matched Analysis","volume":"5","author":"Chien","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-865020150040000003","article-title":"Does Alfa Lipoic Acid Prevent Liver from Methotrexate Induced Oxidative Injury in Rats?","volume":"30","author":"Polat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Cir. 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