{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:19:38Z","timestamp":1790785178763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":249,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schizophrenia (SZ) is a deleterious brain disorder affecting cognition, emotion and reality perception. The most widely accepted neurochemical-hypothesis is the imbalance of neurotransmitter-systems. Depleted GABAergic-inhibitory function might produce a regionally-located dopaminergic and glutamatergic-storm in the brain. The dopaminergic-release may underlie the positive psychotic-symptoms while the glutamatergic-release could prompt the primary negative symptoms\/cognitive deficits. This may occur due to excessive synaptic-pruning during the neurodevelopmental stages of adolescence\/early adulthood. Thus, although SZ is not a neurodegenerative disease, it has been suggested that exaggerated dendritic-apoptosis could explain the limited neuroprogression around its onset. This apoptotic nature of SZ highlights the potential therapeutic action of anti-apoptotic drugs, especially at prodromal stages. If dysregulation of apoptotic mechanisms underlies the molecular basis of SZ, then anti-apoptotic molecules could be a prodromal therapeutic option to halt or prevent SZ. In fact, risk alleles related in apoptotic genes have been recently associated to SZ and shared molecular apoptotic changes are common in the main neurodegenerative disorders and SZ. PRISMA-guidelines were considered. Anti-apoptotic drugs are commonly applied in classic neurodegenerative disorders with promising results. Despite both the apoptotic-hallmarks of SZ and the widespread use of anti-apoptotic targets in neurodegeneration, there is a strikingly scarce number of studies investigating anti-apoptotic approaches in SZ. We analyzed the anti-apoptotic approaches conducted in neurodegeneration and the potential applications of such anti-apoptotic therapies as a promising novel therapeutic strategy, especially during early stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T03:35:23Z","timestamp":1668742523000},"page":"2275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Systematic Review of the Therapeutic Role of Apoptotic Inhibitors in Neurodegeneration and Their Potential Use in Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Constanza","family":"Mor\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institute of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"U722 Group, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2835-9678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Treder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6211 LK  Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2035-5979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Pinte\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e0lia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9stor","family":"Arbelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institute of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"G04 Group, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Madero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institute 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergi","family":"Mas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"G04 Group, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Gass\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"G04 Group, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Parellada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institute of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"G04 Group, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, 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