{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:46:22Z","timestamp":1788176782355,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This work was supported by the \u201cCooperative Research Program of the Center for Companion Animal Research (Project No. PJ01476703)\u201d, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.","award":["PJ01476703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJ01476703"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lipophagy, a type of autophagy that breaks down lipid droplets, is essential in the regulation of intracellular lipid accumulation and intracellular free fatty acid levels in numerous organisms and metabolic conditions. We investigated the effects of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (S), a low-calorie sweetener, and stevioside (SS) on hepatic steatosis and autophagy in hepatocytes, as well as in db\/db mice. S and SS reduced the body and liver weight and levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and hepatic lipogenic proteins. In addition, S and SS increased the levels of fatty acid oxidase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR\u03b1), and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 B but decreased that of sequestosome 1 (p62) in the liver of db\/db mice. Additionally, Beclin 1, lysosomal associated membrane protein 1, and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase protein expression was augmented following S and SS treatment of db\/db mice. Furthermore, the knockdown of PPAR\u03b1 blocked lipophagy in response to SS treatment in HepG2 cells. These outcomes indicate that PPAR\u03b1-dependent lipophagy is involved in hepatic steatosis in the db\/db mouse model and that SS, a PPAR\u03b1 agonist, represents a new therapeutic option for managing associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11122496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T06:58:29Z","timestamp":1671433109000},"page":"2496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Stevia and Stevioside Attenuate Liver Steatosis through PPAR\u03b1-Mediated Lipophagy in db\/db Mice Hepatocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9124-0004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miey","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anshul","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1331-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junho","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8353-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hae-Jeung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i6.846","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The diagnosis and management","volume":"7","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. 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