{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:25:43Z","timestamp":1790299543325,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research","award":["2020B0301030007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B0301030007"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research","award":["32102724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102724"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020B0301030007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B0301030007"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32102724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102724"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nootkatone (NKT), a major ingredient of Alpinia oxyphylla, exhibited potential nephroprotective effects; however, the precise molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to study the nephroprotective effects of NKT and the underlying mechanisms in a mouse model. Our results showed that NKT pretreatment at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg\/kg per day for 7 days significantly attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced increases of serum BUN and CRE and kidney pathology injury. NKT pretreatment also markedly inhibited oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and the activation of caspases-9 and -3 in kidneys of mice exposed to CCl4. Meanwhile, NKT pretreatment downregulated the expression of NOX4, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and TNF-\u03b1 proteins and NO levels in the kidney tissues. Moreover, NKT pretreatment upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNAs, and downregulated the expression of NF-\u03baB, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and iNOS mRNAs in the kidneys of mice, compared to those in the CCl4 alone treatment group. In conclusion, our results reveal that NKT supplementation could protect against CCl4 exposure-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the kidneys by inhibiting NOX4 and NF-\u03baB pathways and activating the Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway. Our current study highlights the therapeutic application of NKT for kidney diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1675654470000},"page":"370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Nootkatone Supplementation Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride Exposure-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4677-0524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongshan","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingchao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhajit","family":"Das Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75230, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shusheng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-020-00390-3","article-title":"Tackling AKI: Prevention, timing of dialysis and follow-up","volume":"17","author":"Vijayan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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