{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:01:44Z","timestamp":1793142104443,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":216,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009888","name":"Regione Toscana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIOSYNOL PSGO 52 2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIOSYNOL PSGO 52 2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review reports in detail the cellular and molecular mechanisms which regulate the bone remodeling process in relation to oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory factors, and estrogen deficiency. OS is considered an important pathogenic factor of osteoporosis, inducing osteocyte apoptosis and varying levels of specific factors, such as receptor activator \u03baB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and, according to recent evidence, fibroblast growth factor 23, with consequent impairment of bone remodeling and high bone resorption. Bone loss increases the risk of fragility fractures, and the most commonly used treatments are antiresorptive drugs, followed by anabolic drugs or those with a double effect. In addition, recent data show that natural antioxidants contained in the diet are efficient in preventing and reducing the negative effects of OS on bone remodeling and osteocytes through the involvement of sirtuin type 1 enzyme. Indeed, osteocytes and some of their molecular factors are considered potential biological targets on which antioxidants can act to prevent and reduce bone loss, as well as to promote bone anabolic and regenerative processes by restoring physiological bone remodeling. Several data suggest including antioxidants in novel therapeutic approaches to develop better management strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and OS-related bone diseases. In particular, anthocyanins, as well as resveratrol, lycopene, oleuropein, some vitamins, and thiol antioxidants, could have protective and therapeutic anti-osteoporotic effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1675654470000},"page":"373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Osteoporosis: Novel Preventive and Therapeutic Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gemma","family":"Marcucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8307-5662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladana","family":"Domazetovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3190-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Nediani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Ruzzolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Favre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8741-0592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Brandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIRMO Foundation, Via san Gallo 123, 50129 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"582","article-title":"Zoledronic Acid Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Function through the Regulation of NF-\u039aB and JNK Signalling Pathways","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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