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During this process, hypothalamus\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic\u2013adrenal medulla (SAM) axes are activated to produce a series of adaptive short-term reactions to the aversive situations. Meanwhile, oxidative stress is induced where there is an imbalance between the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative damage is also incorporated in sustained stress response causing a series of chronic problems, such as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, immune dysfunction, and development of abnormal behaviors. In this review, the effects and mechanisms of dietary regulation strategies (e.g., antioxidants, anxiolytic agents, and probiotics) on relieving stress in pet dogs and cats are summarized and discussed. We aim to shed light on future studies in the field of pet food and nutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T03:59:16Z","timestamp":1677038356000},"page":"545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Dietary Strategies for Relieving Stress in Pet Dogs and Cats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zhicong","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-7025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongcan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiti","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0713-1463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baichuan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingna","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/08927936.2019.1569907","article-title":"Pet Ownership and Human\u2013Animal Interaction in an Aging Population: Rewards and Challenges","volume":"32","author":"Hediger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anthrozo\u00f6s"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928943","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.928943","article-title":"Dealing With Stress in Cats: What Is New About the Olfactory Strategy?","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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