{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:57:49Z","timestamp":1792162669790,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda-Consejer\u00eda de Universidad, Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n","award":["P21_00777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P21_00777"]}]},{"name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda-Consejer\u00eda de Universidad, Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n","award":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P21_00777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P21_00777"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cocoa, the main derivative of the seeds of Theobroma cacao L., has been recognized to have several effects on human health including antioxidant and neuro- and cardio-protective effects, among others. These effects have been attributed mainly to its bioactive compounds. In this context, the aim of this work is to evaluate the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds (i.e., phenolic compounds, procyanidins and methylxanthines) and the antioxidant activity of seven different cocoas (alkalized and non-alkalized) from different origins (Peru, Venezuela, Ivory Coast, Dominican Republic, and West Africa). It represents the first stage of a larger project aiming to find high polyphenol cocoa-based nutritional strategies and related biomarkers that may potentiate brain plasticity and cognitive function. Cocoa powders were extracted by ultrasound-assisted technology, and the total phenolic content (TPC) was measured by Folin\u2013Ciocalteu. Methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) and procyanidin contents were determined by HPLC-FLD-DAD, and the antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Non-alkalized cocoas showed higher phenolic and procyanidin contents and higher antioxidant activity compared to the alkalized ones. A strongly significant (p &lt; 0.05) positive correlation between the antioxidant activity and the TPC, especially with the total procyanidin content, but not with methylxanthines was found. In conclusion, the non-alkalized cocoas, especially the one from Peru, were the best candidates in terms of bioactive compounds. The cocoa from Peru had a TPC of 57.4 \u00b1 14.4 mg of gallic acid equivalent\/g d.w., 28,575.06 \u00b1 62.37 \u00b5g of catechin equivalents\/g d.w., and 39.15 \u00b1 2.12 mg\/g of methylxanthines. Further studies should be undertaken to evaluate its effect on brain plasticity and cognitive function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T03:29:16Z","timestamp":1678764556000},"page":"716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Exploring the Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Different Cocoa Powders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0611-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Razola-D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-0717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Aznar-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0723-5163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Verardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Melgar-Locatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de M\u00e1laga\u2014IBIMA, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Psicobiolog\u00eda y Metodolog\u00eda de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4496-1167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Estela","family":"Castilla-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de M\u00e1laga\u2014IBIMA, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Psicobiolog\u00eda y Metodolog\u00eda de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7233-6481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, C\/Santander, 52005 Melilla, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, May 04). 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