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The molecular mechanism by which hydrogen sulfide exerts its action involves the posttranslational modification of cysteine residues to form a persulfidated thiol motif. This research aimed to study the regulation of protein persulfidation. We used a label-free quantitative approach to measure the protein persulfidation profile in leaves under different growth conditions such as light regimen and carbon deprivation. The proteomic analysis identified a total of 4599 differentially persulfidated proteins, of which 1115 were differentially persulfidated between light and dark conditions. The 544 proteins that were more persulfidated in the dark were analyzed, and showed significant enrichment in functions and pathways related to protein folding and processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Under light conditions, the persulfidation profile changed, and the number of differentially persulfidated proteins increased up to 913, with the proteasome and ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent catabolic processes being the most-affected biological processes. Under carbon starvation conditions, a cluster of 1405 proteins was affected by a reduction in their persulfidation, being involved in metabolic processes that provide primary metabolites to essential energy pathways and including enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation and sulfide production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12040789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T04:31:05Z","timestamp":1679632265000},"page":"789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Proteome Dynamics of Persulfidation in Leaf Tissue under Light\/Dark Conditions and Carbon Deprivation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5325-6232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jurado-Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4272-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Gotor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2414-4813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis C.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica Vegetal y Fotos\u00edntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5893","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab239","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide signaling in plant adaptations to adverse conditions: Molecular mechanisms","volume":"72","author":"Aroca","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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