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The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been proposed as an adjunctive therapy to antipsychotics in clinical trials, but its role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis has not been sufficiently explored. We aimed to describe the effect of NAC administration during pregnancy on the gut-brain axis in the offspring from the maternal immune stimulation (MIS) animal model of schizophrenia. Pregnant Wistar rats were treated with PolyI:C\/Saline. Six groups of animals were studied according to the study factors: phenotype (Saline, MIS) and treatment (no NAC, NAC 7 days, NAC 21 days). Offspring were subjected to the novel object recognition test and were scanned using MRI. Caecum contents were used for metagenomics 16S rRNA sequencing. NAC treatment prevented hippocampal volume reduction and long-term memory deficits in MIS-offspring. In addition, MIS-animals showed lower bacterial richness, which was prevented by NAC. Moreover, NAC7\/NAC21 treatments resulted in a reduction of proinflammatory taxons in MIS-animals and an increase in taxa known to produce anti-inflammatory metabolites. Early approaches, like this one, with anti-inflammatory\/anti-oxidative compounds, especially in neurodevelopmental disorders with an inflammatory\/oxidative basis, may be useful in modulating bacterial microbiota, hippocampal size, as well as hippocampal-based memory impairments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12040970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T04:48:11Z","timestamp":1682052491000},"page":"970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Maternal Supplementation with N-Acetylcysteine Modulates the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Offspring of the Poly I:C Rat Model of Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8385-7936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Romero-Miguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0859-9495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Casquero-Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2368-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n \u201cBiotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC\u201d, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Funcional, \u00c1rea de Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-566X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Lamanna-Rama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Bioingenier\u00eda, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"G\u00f3mez-Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"G\u00e1lvez-Roble\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 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33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6680-6723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Lomb\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n \u201cBiotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC\u201d, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Funcional, \u00c1rea de Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Abalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas en Dolor y Analgesia, Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola del Dolor (SED), 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides, Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola del Dolor (SED), 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Qu\u00edmica Medica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0989-3231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Desco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Bioingenier\u00eda, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.08.010","article-title":"Exploring the intersection of the microbiome and the developing brain: Impacts on schizophrenia risk","volume":"247","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Schizophr. 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