{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:11:54Z","timestamp":1788577914409,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","award":["ERT2011170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERT2011170"]}]},{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","award":["NRF-2021R1I1A2040301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1I1A2040301"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERT2011170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERT2011170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1I1A2040301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1I1A2040301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. 2\u2032-fucosyllactose (2\u2032-FL), a human milk oligosaccharide, exerts anti-inflammatory effects and plays a protective role in arterial thrombosis; however, its role in ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of 2\u2032-FL and its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Neurological score and behavior tests revealed that 2\u2032-FL promoted the recovery of neurological deficits and motor function in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice, and that 2\u2032FL led to a reduction in the size of cerebral infarct. Biochemical studies showed that administration of 2\u2032-FL led to a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related products in the brain of MCAO mice. 2\u2032-FL upregulated IL-10 and downregulated TNF-\u03b1 level. In addition, 2\u2032-FL enhanced M2-type microglial polarization and upregulated CD206 expression at 7 days after MCAO. At 3 days after MCAO, 2\u2032-FL increased IL-4 levels and activated STAT6. Our data show that 2\u2032-FL reduced the neurological symptoms of ischemic stroke and ROS accumulation in the brain through IL-4\/STAT6-dependent M2-type microglial polarization in MCAO mice. These results demonstrate that 2\u2032-FL is a potentially effective therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12061281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T01:31:31Z","timestamp":1686879091000},"page":"1281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of the Human Milk Oligosaccharide, 2\u2032-Fucosyllactose, Exerted via Modulation of M2 Microglial Activation in a Mouse Model of Ischemia\u2013Reperfusion Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6008-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malk Eun","family":"Pak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Ji","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanhae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chul Soo","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Won","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seon-min","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9650-7011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Ha","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00204","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicines on Preclinical In Vivo Models of Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion-Injury: Prospects for Neuroprotective Drug Discovery and Therapy","volume":"10","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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