{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T13:50:55Z","timestamp":1781704255741,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003825","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increased rate of twinning has pointed out newer challenges in clinical practices related to gestational complications, intrauterine growth restriction, perinatal mortality, and comorbidities. As a twin pregnancy progresses, the increased demand for oxygen supply can easily disrupt the redox homeostasis balance and further impose a greater challenge for the developing fetuses. A substantial birth-weight difference acts as an indicator of a deficit in oxygenation or blood flow to one of the fetuses, which might be related to a low bioavailable nitric oxide level. Therefore, in this study, we focused on networks involved in the adjustment of oxygen supply, like the activation of inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) along with free radical and lipid peroxide formation in mature twin pairs with high birth-weight differences. The selected parameters were followed by immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and biochemical measurements in the umbilical cord vessels and fetal red blood cells. Based on our data set, it is clear that the lower-weight siblings are markedly exposed to persistent intrauterine hypoxic conditions, which are connected to a decreased level in NOS3 activation. Furthermore, the increased level of peroxynitrite aggravates lipid peroxidation and induces morphological and functional damage and loss in redox homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12071370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T16:08:32Z","timestamp":1688141312000},"page":"1370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Study on Twin Cohort with Discordant Birth Weight"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5471-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Payal","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata 700109, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajnalka","family":"Orvos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0543-6693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edit","family":"Hermesz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/1071576021000050438","article-title":"Oxidative stress in erythrocytes from premature and full-term infants during their first 72 h of life","volume":"37","author":"Ochoa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2013.06.031","article-title":"Multiple births following in vitro fertilization treatment: Redefining success","volume":"170","author":"Umranikar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. 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