{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T21:41:27Z","timestamp":1785188487924,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-114374RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda-Consejer\u00eda de Universidad, Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n","award":["P21_00777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P21_00777"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Cocoa\u2019s healthy benefits may be attributed to the potent antioxidant activity of cocoa polyphenols, mainly flavanols, which have been characterised as existing in a high concentration in cocoa. However, the phenolic composition of cocoa and cocoa-derived products is highly variable, and manufacturing processes might significantly reduce their phenolic content. For that reason, the full characterisation of cocoa and cocoa-derived products before evaluating their bioactivity is crucial. The aim of this review is to analyse the available evidence on the effect of flavanol-fortified cocoa-derived products on human health. (2) Methods: Forty-eight clinical trials focused on the health effect of consuming flavanol-fortified drinks, bars and chocolate have been reviewed, with a total of 1523 subjects. (3) Results: Although studies differ widely in methodology, dosage, duration, and target population, beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa consumption have been observed at doses ranging from 45.3 mg\/d to 1078 mg\/d, especially on cardiovascular health and cognitive function. (4) Conclusions: Considering the high consumption and acceptability of cocoa and cocoa-derived products, the fortification of cocoa products as well as other highly consumed foods with cocoa flavanols could be an effective strategy for health promotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12071376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T08:25:24Z","timestamp":1688545524000},"page":"1376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["How Healthy Is It to Fortify Cocoa-Based Products with Cocoa Flavanols? A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1612-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Palma-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18011 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6335-2685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Melgar-Locatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Instute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine-IBIMA Platform BIONAND, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Departament of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4496-1167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Estela","family":"Castilla-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Instute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine-IBIMA Platform BIONAND, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Departament of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7233-6481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) \u2018Jos\u00e9 Mataix\u2019, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18011 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00677","article-title":"Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications","volume":"8","author":"Magrone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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