{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T09:19:47Z","timestamp":1772615987232,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["CMRPG2J0191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0191"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["CMRPG2J0192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0192"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["CMRPG2J0193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0193"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["110-CGH-FJU-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-CGH-FJU-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002811","name":"Cathay General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG2J0191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002811","name":"Cathay General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG2J0192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002811","name":"Cathay General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG2J0193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2J0193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002811","name":"Cathay General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-CGH-FJU-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-CGH-FJU-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxidative stress is the etiology for 30\u201380% of male patients affected by infertility, which is a major health problem worldwide. Klotho protein is an aging suppressor that functions as a humoral factor modulating various cellular processes including antioxidation and anti-inflammation, and its dysregulation leads to human pathologies. Male mice lacking Klotho are sterile, and decreased Klotho levels in the serum are observed in men suffering from infertility with lower sperm counts. However, the mechanism by which Klotho maintains healthy male fertility remains unclear. Klotho haplodeficiency (Kl+\/\u2212) accelerates fertility reduction by impairing sperm quality and spermatogenesis in Kl+\/\u2212 mice. Testicular proteomic analysis revealed that loss of Klotho predominantly disturbed oxidation and the glutathione-related pathway. We further focused on the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) family which counteracts oxidative stress in most cell types and closely relates with fertility. Several GST proteins, including GSTP1, GSTO2, and GSTK1, were significantly downregulated, which subsequently resulted in increased levels of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal and apoptosis in murine testis with low or no expression of Klotho. Taken together, the loss of one Kl allele accelerates male fecundity loss because diminished antioxidant capability induces oxidative injury in mice. This is the first study that highlights a connection between Klotho and GST proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T09:09:00Z","timestamp":1692954540000},"page":"1671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Decreased Klotho Expression Causes Accelerated Decline of Male Fecundity through Oxidative Injury in Murine Testis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ya-Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1574-1579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7935-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vin-Cent","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiwan Consortium for Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Diseases (CAKs), Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6284-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hua","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-1846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Yen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8438-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Chi","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiao-Yin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0003-3","article-title":"Genetics of male infertility","volume":"15","author":"Krausz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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