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To elucidate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying mechanisms, we applied a methanol extract of E. tinifolia (ETME) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse immortalized Kupffer cells. ETME suppressed the LPS-induced increase in nitric oxide, a mediator for oxidative stress and inflammation, and restored LPS-mediated depletion of total glutathione level by stabilizing antioxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the subsequent increase in heme oxygenase-1 levels. Furthermore, ETME inhibited the LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, and IL-6. The inhibitory effects of ETME on pro-inflammatory responses were regulated by ETME-mediated dephosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs: p38, p44\/p42, and stress-associated protein kinase\/c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and inhibition of nuclear localization of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB). These results suggest that ETME is a possible candidate for protecting Kupffer cells from LPS-mediated oxidative stress and excessive inflammatory responses by activating antioxidant Nrf2\/HO-1 and inhibiting pro-inflammatory NF-\u03baB and MAPKs, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12101792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T05:32:45Z","timestamp":1695360765000},"page":"1792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inhibitory Effects of Ehretia tinifolia Extract on the Excessive Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Mouse Kupffer Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jae Sung","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4654-384X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyosuk","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Namki","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1939-0187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guijae","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong Uk","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang Youl","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tran The","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi 122000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1893-2714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su-Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si 56212, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3227-579X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Chang","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7204","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23208","article-title":"Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bindu, S., Mazumder, S., and Bandyopadhyay, U. 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