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acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a very short time. Effectively controlling cytokine storm release syndrome (CRS) and scavenging ROS are key to the prevention and treatment of ALI\/ARDS. In this work, the naringin nanoparticles (Nar-NPs) were prepared by the emulsification and evaporation method; then, the mesenchymal stem cell membranes (CMs) were extracted and coated onto the surface of the Nar-NPs through the hand extrusion method to obtain the biomimetic CM@Nar-NPs. In vitro, the CM@Nar-NPs showed good dispersity, excellent biocompatibility, and biosafety. At the cellular level, the CM@Nar-NPs had excellent abilities to target inflamed macrophages and the capacity to scavenge ROS. In vivo imaging demonstrated that the CM@Nar-NPs could target and accumulate in the inflammatory lungs. In an ALI mouse model, intratracheal (i.t.) instillation of the CM@Nar-NPs significantly decreased the ROS level, inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines, and remarkably promoted the survival rate. Additionally, the CM@Nar-NPs increased the expression of M2 marker (CD206), and decreased the expression of M1 marker (F4\/80) in septic mice, suggesting that the Nar-modulated macrophages polarized towards the M2 subtype. Collectively, this work proves that a mesenchymal stem cell membrane-based biomimetic nanoparticle delivery system could efficiently target lung inflammation via i.t. administration; the released payload inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines and ROS, and the Nar-modulated macrophages polarized towards the M2 phenotype which might contribute to their anti-inflammation effects. This nano-system provides an excellent pneumonia-treated platform with satisfactory biosafety and has great potential to effectively deliver herbal medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13030282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T07:51:39Z","timestamp":1708933899000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Intratracheal Administration of Stem Cell Membrane-Cloaked Naringin-Loaded Biomimetic Nanoparticles Promotes Resolution of Acute Lung Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5478-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinlian","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renxing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"},{"name":"School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4418-1248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiang","family":"Pi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1579-5478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonghua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2026131","article-title":"Cytokine Storm","volume":"383","author":"Fajgenbaum","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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