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Some of them can affect phenotypic expression through inducing changes in tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), which modify paternal epigenetic regulation in sperm. However, it is unclear how these stressors can affect changes in the expression levels of tsRNAs and their related endonucleases in the male reproductive organs. We found that Ribonuclease inhibitor 1 (RNH1), an oxidation responder, interacts with ANG to regulate sperm tsRNA generation in the mouse caput epididymis. On the other hand, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or palmitate (PA) treatments weakened the RNH1-ANG interaction in the epididymal epithelial cells (EEC). Accordingly, ANG translocation increased from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which led to ANG upregulation and increases in cytoplasmic tsRNA expression levels. In conclusion, as an antioxidant, RNH1 regulates tsRNA generation through targeting ANG in the mouse caput epididymis. Moreover, the tsRNA is an epigenetic factor in sperm that modulates paternal inheritance in offspring via the fertilization process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13081020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T03:07:38Z","timestamp":1724296058000},"page":"1020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ribonuclease Inhibitor 1 (RNH1) Regulates Sperm tsRNA Generation for Paternal Inheritance through Interacting with Angiogenin in the Caput Epididymis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhuoyao","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"},{"name":"Department of Teaching Laboratory Center for Basic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningyuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanyu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2700-922X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3510-7313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhide","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu061","article-title":"Environmental epigenetic inheritance through gametes and implications for human reproduction","volume":"21","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. 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