{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:49:32Z","timestamp":1779356972017,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["CARS-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-21"]}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["323MS084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["323MS084"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004761","name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004761","name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["323MS084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["323MS084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. is an important undergrowth species in southern China. The fruits of A. oxyphylla are recognized as one of \u201cthe four famous south medicines\u201d and are also used in the production of preserved fruit. However, as non-medicinal parts, their stems and leaves are unutilized. In order to promote resource recycling, the chemical components of such stems and leaves were investigated, and we evaluated their melanin inhibitory potential through DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, tyrosinase inhibition, and melanin production inhibition in B16 cells. Five new compounds, aloxy A (1), kaempferol 3-O-\u03b1-L-rhamnosyl-(1 \u2192 2)-(3\u2033,4\u2033-diacetyl-\u03b2-D-glucuronate methyl ester) (2), quercetin 3-O-\u03b1-L-rhamnosyl-(1 \u2192 2)-(3\u2033,4\u2033-diacetyl-\u03b2-D-glucuronate methyl ester) (3), kaempferol 3-O-\u03b1-L-rhamnosyl-(1 \u2192 3)-(4\u2033-acetyl-\u03b2-D-glucuronate methyl ester) (4), and kaempferol 3-O-\u03b1-L-rhamnosyl-(1 \u2192 2)-(3\u2033-acetyl-\u03b2-D-glucuronate methyl ester) (5), and seventeen known ones (6\u201322) were isolated and identified from the stems and leaves of A. oxyphylla. Among these compounds, 19 compounds presented tyrosinase inhibitory activities, among which aloxy A (1), hexahydrocurcumin (7), gingerenone A (8) and 4,4\u2032-dimethoxy-3\u2032-hydroxy-7,9\u2032:7\u2032,9-diepoxylignan-3-O-\u03b2-D-glucopyranoside (22) showed strong inhibitory activity, with IC50 values between 6.26 \u00b1 0.42 and 22.04 \u00b1 1.09 \u03bcM, lower than the positive control (Kojic acid, IC50 = 37.22 \u00b1 1.64 \u03bcM). A total of 15 compounds exhibited varying degrees of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. In addition, 1, 2, and 7 showed melanin production inhibition activity in B16 cells, and the effects presented as concentration-dependent. The above results indicate that the stems and leaves of A. oxyphylla are rich with phenolic compounds, and display tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant activities, which could lead to potential applications related to melanin production inhibition such as in the development of cosmetics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13121538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T06:48:39Z","timestamp":1734331719000},"page":"1538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification of Chemical Constituents from Leaves and Stems of Alpinia oxyphylla: Potential Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Huiqin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6838-6550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8619-1364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juntao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoubai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement in Tropical Specific Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Specific Ornamental Plants Germplasm, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haofu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154449","article-title":"The melanin inhibitory effect of plants and phytochemicals: A systematic review","volume":"107","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00029.x","article-title":"Chemical and instrumental approaches to treat hyperpigmentation","volume":"16","author":"Briganti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu, J.-Y., Liu, H.-H., Lin, T.-H., Li, T.-S., Tseng, C.-Y., Wong, Y., and Chen, J.-H. 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