{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T12:41:50Z","timestamp":1763728910001,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fonds zur F\u00f6rderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung und des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses in Tirol (TWF)","award":["UNI-0404\/1841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNI-0404\/1841"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neonatal brain injury remains a significant issue with limited treatment options. This study investigates the potential of the endogenous neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester (DHEAS) as neuroprotective agents, building on evidence of their mechanisms in adult brain injury models. The primary objective was to evaluate their neuroprotective and anti-oxidative properties in a mouse model of neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury. Using the modified Rice\u2013Vannucci model, brain injury was induced in 7-day-old mouse pups, followed by treatment with various concentrations of DHEA and DHEAS (0.1, 1, and 10 \u00b5g\/g body weight) via intraperitoneal injection after a 2 h recovery period. Mice were sacrificed after 24 hours for analysis of somatometry, brain injury, apoptosis, microglial activation, and oxidative stress markers (NOX2, 4-HNE, 8-OHdG), along with the anti-oxidant marker SOD1. While no statistically significant effects of DHEA or DHEAS were observed at the tested doses and time points, the absence of toxic or adverse effects highlights their safety profile. These findings provide a foundation for further research into optimizing dosing strategies, timing, and delivery methods. Future studies should refine these variables to maximize neuroprotective efficacy, investigate DHEA(S)\u2019 exact mechanisms of action, and explore their potential for clinical application in neonatal care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13121542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T12:09:28Z","timestamp":1734350968000},"page":"1542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of DHEA and DHEAS in Neonatal Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Mayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3465-0434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Urbanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Kiechl-Kohlendorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9269-5756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elke","family":"Griesmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1008-3375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Posod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2021.101259","article-title":"Perinatal asphyxia from the obstetric standpoint","volume":"26","author":"Hill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. 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