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Sulforaphane (SFN) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate that indirectly activates the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), thus inducing the expression of Nrf2 target genes, including antioxidant enzymes. This study aimed to identify the effects of a single dose of SFN administration on exhaustive exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle tissue and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Thirty-six mice were divided into four groups: control, SFN, exercise (Ex), and SFN + Ex. The SFN group and SFN + Ex group received SFN orally (50 mg\/kg body weight) 2 h before the running test. Exercise significantly reduced plasma glucose levels, while the SFN-treated group exhibited a smaller reduction. Acute exhaustive exercise increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in muscle tissue, while the SFN + Ex group exhibited significantly reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The gene expression of Nrf2 and its target enzymes, including heme oxygenase (HO)-1, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1, was measured in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle tissue. Compared with the Ex group, the SFN + Ex group showed upregulated expression of all these parameters, including Nrf2. SFN treatment reduced acute exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via activation of the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14020210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T06:06:06Z","timestamp":1739340366000},"page":"210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of Sulforaphane Treatment on Skeletal Muscle from Exhaustive Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Through the Nrf2\/HO-1 Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9017-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruheea Taskin","family":"Ruhee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Chiyoda Ku 102-0083, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0606-5759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sihui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6572-5809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105807","article-title":"Skeletal muscle atrophy: From mechanisms to treatments","volume":"172","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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