{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:49:07Z","timestamp":1788994147467,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Valencia","award":["UV-INV_AE18-783060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UV-INV_AE18-783060"]}]},{"name":"University of Valencia","award":["UV-INV_AE-2653486"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UV-INV_AE-2653486"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic hyperglycemia is a major driver of neurovascular damage in diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of preventable blindness in adults. DR progression is often undetected until its advanced stages, with oxidative stress recognized as a primary contributor. In diabetes, oxidative stress disrupts retinal cellular balance, damaging proteins, DNA, and lipids, and triggering photoreceptor degeneration. Pterostilbene (Pter), a polyphenol with antioxidant properties, has demonstrated protective effects in DR animal models and was assessed in a pilot clinical study. DR patients treated with 250 mg\/day of oral Pter showed a reduction in the development of retinal vascular alterations characteristic of the disease. Urinary analyses confirmed Pter\u2019s role in reducing the lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic and adrenic acids, indicators of oxidative damage in DR. Pter also improved the GSH\/GSSG ratio, reflecting a restored redox balance. However, after six months without treatment, retinal damage indicators reappeared, highlighting the importance of sustained intervention. These findings suggest that Pter may help slow the progression of DR by protecting against oxidative stress and highlight the importance of implementing antioxidant therapies from the diagnosis of diabetes, although its long-term impact and the development of consistent biomarkers deserve more research to optimize DR management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14030244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T04:03:17Z","timestamp":1740024197000},"page":"244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Potential of Pterostilbene as an Antioxidant Therapy for Delaying Retinal Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5163-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Burggraaf-S\u00e1nchez de las Matas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Sagunto, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Av. s\/n, 46520 Sagunto, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8098-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Torres-Cuevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Vicente Andr\u00e9s Estell\u00e9s Av. s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2049-5875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Mill\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Catedr\u00e1tico Jos\u00e9 Beltr\u00e1n Mart\u00ednez st, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9239-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Desco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitreo-Retina Unit, Fundaci\u00f3n de Oftalmolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FOM), P\u00edo Baroja st 12, 46015 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Health sciences, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Luis Vives st 1, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candela","family":"Oblar\u00e9-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Vicente Andr\u00e9s Estell\u00e9s Av. s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1922-7777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Asensi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Vicente Andr\u00e9s Estell\u00e9s Av. s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Mena-Moll\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Vicente Andr\u00e9s Estell\u00e9s Av. s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5177-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Oger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron (IBMM), P\u00f4le Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 340093 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Galano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron (IBMM), P\u00f4le Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 340093 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