{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T04:20:27Z","timestamp":1784694027051,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MUVE-TEEM of Medical University of Varna","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mastic gum from Pistacia lentiscus L. has long been valued in Mediterranean medicine and food preservation, yet its bioactive potential remains underexplored in specific geographic contexts. In Morocco, the resin\u2014locally known as Meska Horra\u2014is abundant but insufficiently characterized. This study compared three extraction methods\u2014cold maceration (CM), Soxhlet extraction (SE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)\u2014using sequential acetone and 70% ethanol to recover complementary phenolic compounds from defatted resin. Targeted UHPLC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS profiling identified and quantified 30 phenolics, mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids, providing the first systematic dataset for Moroccan mastic gum. UAE\u2013EtOH extract displayed the strongest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 = 0.029 mg\/mL; ABTS\u2022+ IC50 = 0.026 mg\/mL). SE\u2013acetone and SE\u2013EtOH extracts showed potent antifungal activity, particularly against Geotrichum candidum, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Aspergillus niger (MBC = 1.7%). The SE\u2013acetone extract exhibited cytotoxicity toward MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50 = 19 \u00b5g\/mL). These findings demonstrate that extraction method and solvent choice strongly influence phenolic recovery and associated bioactivities, supporting the valorization of Moroccan mastic gum as a promising source for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14101207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T08:10:51Z","timestamp":1759738251000},"page":"1207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Extraction Methods Shape the Phenolic Composition and Bioactivities of Defatted Moroccan Pistacia lentiscus L. Resin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5814-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdessamad","family":"Beraich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Applied Chemistry (LCAE), Team: Physical Chemistry of the Natural Resources and Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3225-3067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Batovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 103, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2617-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krastena","family":"Nikolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7249-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burak","family":"Dikici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6ksen","family":"G\u00f6ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, \u0130stinye University, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousra","family":"Belbachir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Applied Chemistry (LCAE), Team: Physical Chemistry of the Natural Resources and Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5682-3538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Taibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agricultural Production Improvement, Biotechnology, and Environment (LAPABE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0314-8484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amine","family":"Elbouzidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agricultural Production Improvement, Biotechnology, and Environment (LAPABE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"Mincheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. 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Bonchev Str., Bl. 103, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2807-6026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalina","family":"Panova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8019-9643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdesselam","family":"Tahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Applied Chemistry (LCAE), Team: Physical Chemistry of the Natural Resources and Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5195-8217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdeslam","family":"Asehraou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioresources Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Team: Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelmonaem","family":"Talhaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Applied Chemistry (LCAE), Team: Physical Chemistry of the Natural Resources and Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.15287\/afr.2024.2573","article-title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Structuring of Pistacia lentiscus L. across Mediterranean Region","volume":"67","author":"Mezni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. 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