{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T21:48:03Z","timestamp":1773092883408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Smoking cigarettes affects the human body on many levels\u2014not only are the lungs and heart targeted, but also other organs, directly and through derived alterations. We decided to parallel the impacts most often described in the literature in the hope of better future targeting regarding treatment for smoke-induced renal injury. As a result of our research, it is clear that damage is mostly localized directly in vessels and glomeruli. We perceive it as a connected web, where oxidative stress leads to local inflammation, general inflammation in the form of obesity, or inflammation due to nasopharyngeal infection. It later affects other types of tissues: podocytes, epithelium in both glomeruli, renal tubules, and vessels. We mention major molecules proven to participate in kidney damage that tend to be similar in all disease entities depicted in this study: IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and minimal change disease. Moreover, as nicotine is a major component of both classic cigarettes and electronic cigarettes, we decided to approximate and summarize the information on its impact on primary glomerulopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14101233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T13:41:29Z","timestamp":1760449289000},"page":"1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nicotinism vs. Glomerulopathies\u2014Smoking as a Risk Factor for Primary Glomerulopathies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Dzi\u0119giel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Club, Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-211 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Maciejowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Club, Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-211 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Misiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Club, Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-211 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6086-0024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna A.","family":"Lisowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-214 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u015aniadach, J., Kicman, A., Michalska-Falkowska, A., Jo\u0144czyk, K., and Waszkiewicz, N. 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