{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:07:42Z","timestamp":1791389262142,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Food processing techniques are widely used in the food industry to ensure food safety, extend shelf life, and enhance sensory appeal without compromising the product\u2019s nutritional quality. Pearl millet, which is considered a \u201cnutricereal\u201d, features essential content of proteins, soluble and insoluble fibers, minerals (e.g., iron, zinc, and magnesium), bioactive compounds (e.g., phenolic acids, flavonoids, and carotenoids), and antinutritional factors (e.g., phytic acid, C-glycosyl flavones, tannins, and non-digestible oligosaccharides). This nutricereal also undergoes processing methods to improve or maintain its nutritional quality while simultaneously reducing antinutritional factors. Pearl millet processing techniques are categorized into conventional (or traditional) and advanced methods; however, a knowledge gap exists in studies evaluating the post-processing of pearl millet and its impact on metabolic health in in vivo and in vitro experimental models. This study aims to demonstrate the principal conventional and advanced processing techniques used in pearl millet, how they can ensure nutritional quality and reduce antinutritional factors, and how the final post-processing product could impact metabolic health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14121460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T10:50:38Z","timestamp":1764931838000},"page":"1460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Conventional and Advanced Processing Techniques and Their Effect on the Nutritional Quality and Antinutritional Factors of Pearl Millet Grains: The Impact on Metabolic Health"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9537-2428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Let\u00edcia da Silva","family":"Oliveira Moura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita de C\u00e1ssia Avellaneda","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6788-9172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline Carla","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Rodrigues","family":"Donadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Science, Food and Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8599-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnildo","family":"Pott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Science, Food and Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6965-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ros\u00e2ngela dos Santos","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Di Pietro","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline de Moura","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Science, Food and Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando dos Santos","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Quality Management Technology, Unigran, Campo Grande 79010-190, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine de C\u00e1ssia","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0233-3047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Bogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valter Arag\u00e3o","family":"do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, 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