{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:16:43Z","timestamp":1790309803516,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cInnovative Solutions Adapted to New Market Trends in Meat Products (INNOVA-MEAT)\u201d, funded by the European Regional Development Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The study evaluated the potential of Thymus mastichina, Lavandula luisiery, and Origanum virens hydrolates\u2014essential oil-rich species found in the Dehesa ecosystem\u2014as natural agents for pork preservation through marination. Hydrolates, the main by-products of essential oil distillation, were characterized by their volatile composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua. Pork fillets were marinated (24 h) with increasing hydrolate concentrations (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2 w\/w) and then stored for eight days under refrigeration to assess microbial growth, oxidation, and color changes. All hydrolates exhibited similar antimicrobial effects, though Origanum showed the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Marination had limited antimicrobial impact. Marination with Origanum and Thymus provided significant protection against lipid oxidation during storage, while Lavandula displayed limited or even pro-oxidative behavior at certain doses. Marination did not affect carbonyl formation although it caused slight changes in instrumental color. Overall, the study highlights the potential of Lavandula, Thymus, and Origanum hydrolates as sustainable alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in meat products, emphasizing their antioxidant\u2014rather than antimicrobial\u2014effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14121508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T09:57:24Z","timestamp":1765879044000},"page":"1508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bioactivity of Aromatic Plant Hydrolates and Application for Pork Marination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1529-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nieves","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Cantillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7549-2650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas","family":"Mart\u00edn-Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9912-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Garc\u00eda-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3481-9623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Delgado-Ad\u00e1mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7826-8814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Mar\u00eda","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2140-8139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Rosario","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Bernab\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Avda. Adolfo Su\u00e1rez s\/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lobiuc, A., Pav\u0103l, N.-E., Mangalagiu, I.I., Gheorghi\u021b\u0103, R., Teliban, G.-C., Am\u0103riuc\u0103i-Mantu, D., and Stoleru, V. (2023). Future Antimicrobials: Natural and Functionalized Phenolics. 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