{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T05:22:26Z","timestamp":1766812946591,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Moldova State University","award":["subprograms 010602 and 010701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["subprograms 010602 and 010701"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the synthesis and potential applications of the coordination compound cobalt(III) complex tris[N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide]-cobalt(III) chloride ([Co(Tsc)3]Cl3). The complex has been synthesized via the reaction of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate with N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide in ethanol. Its antioxidant activity has been evaluated using 2,2\u2032-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, demonstrating a significant effect with an IC50 of 7.3 \u00b5mol\/L. Toxicity evaluations using Daphnia magna showed a low half maximal inhibitory concentration (LC50) of 56.3 \u00b5mol\/L. Experimental results have showed that [Co(Tsc)3]Cl3 significantly elevated the total antioxidant status (TAS) of the hemolymph of honeybees and larvae, increasing it by 5 and 8 times, respectively. The IC50 values for antioxidant activity were 2.5 mg\/mL in bee hemolymph and 1.3 mg\/mL in larval hemolymph, notably lower than control values of 13.6 mg\/mL and 10.0 mg\/mL. The stimulatory effect of the coordination compound [Co(Tsc)3]Cl3 on TAS was five times higher than that of vitamin C. Additionally, [Co(Tsc)3]Cl3 exhibited acaricidal properties, effectively inhibiting Varroa destructor with an lethal concentration (LC50) of 0.2 \u00b5mol\/L. These findings indicate that this cobalt complex could serve both a natural antioxidant and an effective acaricide, offering a promising approach to improv bee health and sustainability in apiculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15010018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T16:19:26Z","timestamp":1766420366000},"page":"18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tris[N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide]-Cobalt(III) Chloride as a Stimulator of the Total Antioxidant Status of Apis mellifera with Acaricidal Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8783-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Garbuz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systematics and Molecular Phylogenetics, Institute of Zoology, Moldova State University, 1 Academiei Street, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova"},{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biopharmaceutics and Technics, Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1947-1844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeriu","family":"Fala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cNicolae Testemitanu\u201d, 165 Stefan cel Mare si Sfant Bd., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4013-9918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gheorghe","family":"Bordeniuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cNicolae Testemitanu\u201d, 165 Stefan cel Mare si Sfant Bd., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8153-2153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilii","family":"Graur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biopharmaceutics and Technics, Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9928-3009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7818-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadejda","family":"Railean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systematics and Molecular Phylogenetics, Institute of Zoology, Moldova State University, 1 Academiei Street, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova"},{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biopharmaceutics and Technics, Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1732-3116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Tsapkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biopharmaceutics and Technics, Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1047-9145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Sardari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cNicolae Testemitanu\u201d, MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1599-838X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ion","family":"Toderas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systematics and Molecular Phylogenetics, Institute of Zoology, Moldova State University, 1 Academiei Street, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2010-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurelian","family":"Gulea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biopharmaceutics and Technics, Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, 60 Mateevici Street, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Importance of 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