{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:44:09Z","timestamp":1787921049863,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project","award":["JJKH20250214CY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20250214CY"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease associated with oxidative stress. Pogostemon oil (PO) exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities but is limited by high volatility and poor gastrointestinal stability. In this study, sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) were engineered as natural micro-carriers for PO, achieving efficient encapsulation (\u03b7 &gt; 69%) and a high adsorption capacity (27.64 g\/g). A pH-sensitive calcium alginate shell was subsequently applied to construct colon-targeted microspheres (Ca-Alg@PO-SECs). The resulting system improved the thermal and photostability of PO. In vitro dissolution assays confirmed the system\u2019s pH-responsiveness, maintaining integrity under simulated gastric conditions while enabling localized release at intestinal pH. In a DSS-induced acute UC mouse model, Ca-Alg@PO-SECs effectively alleviated clinical symptoms, as evidenced by improved body weight, colon length, and disease activity index. At the inflammatory level, the formulation modulated key cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and IL-10). Overall, Ca-Alg@PO-SECs provides a biocompatible, colon-targeted delivery strategy that preserves the bioactivity of essential oils and offers a promising preclinical approach for localized UC therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15010116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T11:39:37Z","timestamp":1768563577000},"page":"116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Engineered Sporopollenin Exine Capsules for Colon-Targeted Delivery and Antioxidant Therapy of Pogostemon Oil in Ulcerative Colitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Si","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaiyu","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongjuan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinao","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhuan","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangqun","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.071","article-title":"Sporopollenin\u2014Invincible Biopolymer for Sustainable Biomedical Applications","volume":"222","author":"Maruthi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. 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