{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:17:23Z","timestamp":1775121443296,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Jilin Province of China","award":["20240303075NC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240303075NC"]}]},{"name":"Sanjiang Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project","award":["SJ2025004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJ2025004"]}]},{"name":"Doctoral Research Startup Funds at Jilin Agricultural University","award":["201020846"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201020846"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin linked to ovarian oxidative stress, toxicity, and reduced reproductive performance. Fermented Chinese chive is known for its antioxidant properties and potential reproductive benefits, but their individual and combined effects on ovarian function remain unclear in post-pubertal mice. In this study, a 21-day oral gavage model in female Kunming mice was used to evaluate the effects of DON (2 mg\/kg\/day), fermented Chinese chive extract (LEEK; 0.2 mL\/day), and their combined exposure (LKDON) on ovarian physiology, oocyte quality, and ovarian transcriptomic responses. The results showed that DON exposure significantly reduced the zygote cleavage rate, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, and disrupted oocyte mitochondrial membrane potential. While histological examination revealed disturbed follicular architecture. Transcriptomic hub gene analysis showed that DON exposure down-regulate the key associated with innate immune responses and motile cilia\/axonemal structure, including Rsph4a, Drc1, Zmynd10, Hydin, and Tmem212. In contrast, LEEK alone was associated with immunomodulatory upregulated genes, including Il5, Cd27, and Crp. Interestingly, LKDON and DON comparison revealed upregulation of a motile cilia\/axoneme gene network (Dnah5, Dnah11, Tekt1, Zmynd10, Cfap44, and Spag6l), rather than a global reversal of DON-induced changes. Overall, finding suggest that DON disrupts ovarian immune and structural pathways, while fermented Chinese chive provides partial protection by modulating specific biological processes. Further studies are needed to confirm the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15040442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T07:57:55Z","timestamp":1775116675000},"page":"442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptomic Analysis of Fermented Chinese Chive Selectively Attenuating Deoxynivalenol-Induced Ovarian Toxicity in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"},{"name":"Sanjiang Laboratory, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5211-1872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teerath Kumar","family":"Suthar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yupeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0606-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koroloso Phomane","family":"Abednicco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7099-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Kyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu-Sheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"},{"name":"Sanjiang Laboratory, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2019.1658570","article-title":"Worldwide contamination of food-crops with mycotoxins: Validity of the widely cited \u2018FAO estimate\u2019 of 25%","volume":"60","author":"Eskola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. 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