{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:37:21Z","timestamp":1788820641653,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY24C190001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY24C190001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["LY24C190001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY24C190001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04aqat463","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005315","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024J168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024J168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005315","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012279","name":"Zhejiang Xinmiao Talents Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025R405A065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025R405A065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Student Research and Innovation Program of Ningbo University","award":["2026SRIP1820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026SRIP1820"]}]},{"award":["2026SRIP1820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026SRIP1820"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03et85d35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pseudomonas plecoglossicida causes bacterial hemorrhagic ascites in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis), a lethal disease characterized by abdominal distension with hemorrhagic ascites, multifocal organ hemorrhages, and histopathologically evident hepatocellular necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. The lack of effective treatments exacerbates mass mortalities, posing a significant threat to aquaculture. Given the severe pathogenesis of P. plecoglossicida infection\u2014which involves bacterial colonization, tissue necrosis, and host immune dysregulation\u2014effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Through a screen of traditional Chinese medicine monomers, we identified harmine, an indole alkaloid derived from Peganum harmala seeds, as a potent agent against this pathogen. In vivo, harmine exhibited direct bactericidal activity by disrupting membrane integrity, as evidenced by increasing membrane permeability, and inhibiting biofilm formation. In an ayu infection model, harmine significantly increased host survival, reduced tissue bacterial load, and enhanced innate immunity by augmenting monocyte\/macrophage phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity while suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis. Mechanistically, the Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability assay was used to identify the molecular target of harmine, followed by functional validation through PRDX6\u2212knockdown experiments. Harmine exhibited direct bactericidal activity by disrupting membrane integrity and inhibiting biofilm formation. In the ayu infection model, harmine significantly increased host survival, reduced tissue bacteria1 load, and enhanced innate immunity by augmenting monocyte\/macrophage system and bactericidal capacity while suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis, the latter likely through modulation of PRDX6\u2212mediated oxidative stress and downstream caspase signaling. Mechanistically, DARTS revealed that harmine binds to peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), a multifunctional enzyme possessing peroxidase, phospholipase A2, and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activities. This binding liberates TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), facilitating its mitochondrial translocation and association with the ECSIT signaling integrator complex, thereby amplifying mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production and potentiating macrophage-mediated bacterial killing. These findings establish harmine as a promising therapeutic candidate for controlling P. plecoglossicida infections and underscore the value of host-directed immunomodulation derived from natural products in aquaculture medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15040477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T10:19:14Z","timestamp":1776075554000},"page":"477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Harmine Targets Peroxiredoxin 6 to Enhance Macrophage Immunity Against Pseudomonas plecoglossicida in Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yan-Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Fang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Guo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Feng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1291-8727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guan-Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9389-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.03.037","article-title":"Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a novel C-type lectin receptor-like gene from a teleost fish, Plecoglossus altivelis","volume":"44","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2004.00563.x","article-title":"Histopathological studies of bacterial haemorrhagic ascites of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel)","volume":"27","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1425","article-title":"Pseudomonas plecoglossicida hijacks host glycolysis to induce hypoglycemic shock in large yellow croakers (Larimichthys crocea)","volume":"46","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13206","article-title":"An outbreak of visceral white nodules disease caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida at a water temperature of 12 \u00b0C in cultured large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) in China","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, L., Zuo, Y., Qin, Y., Zhao, L., Lin, M., and Yan, Q. (2021). The zinc nutritional immunity of Epinephelus coioides contributes to 498 the importance of znuC during Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.678699"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.28982\/josam.8232","article-title":"Pseudomonas plecoglossicida meningitis: A potential evolving human pathogen and a threat to public health: Pseudomonas plecoglossicida meningitis in Ghana","volume":"9","author":"Ahiakpa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Surg. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106910","article-title":"Is it a potential pneumonia pathogen in Pseudomonas putida group? First isolation and identification of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida in clinic and a comparison of pathogenicity with Pseudomonas putida","volume":"196","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e71077","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71077","article-title":"The global challenge of antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, case studies, and mitigation approaches","volume":"8","author":"Nazir","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2023.2279644","article-title":"Non-traditional approaches for control of antibiotic resistance","volume":"23","author":"Umarje","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2133","article-title":"Drug interactions and the evolution of antibiotic resistance","volume":"7","author":"Yeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Z.H., Zhao, S.J., and Wang, C.H. (2022). Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities of Peganum harmala and its ingredients: A Review. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134161"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207326666230622164243","article-title":"Peganum harmala L.: A review of botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality marker, and toxicity","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202402953","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402953","article-title":"Bioactivities and structure\u2013activity relationships of harmine and its derivatives: A Review","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, P., Qin, J., Su, H.K., Du, L., and Zeng, Q. (2024). Harmine acts as a quorum sensing inhibitor decreasing the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Infect. Dis., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09639-9"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, Y., Chen, X., Shu, J., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Lv, Q., Wang, J., Deng, X., Liu, H., and Qiu, J. (2022). Harmine, an inhibitor of the type III secretion system of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.967149"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115438","article-title":"Harmine derivative ZLWH-38 ameliorates the therapeutic efficacy of colistin against XDR-Ab pneumonia by suppressing inflammatory responses","volume":"165","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2024.741520","article-title":"Evaluation on the antibacterial activity of glycyrrhizin against Pseudomonas plecoglossicida in ayu fish (Plecoglossus altivelis)","volume":"595","author":"Tao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki309","article-title":"Comparison of automated microbroth dilution and agar dilution for antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from dairy sources","volume":"56","author":"Halbert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1233606","article-title":"Monitoring drug target engagement in cells and tissues using the cellular thermal shift assay","volume":"341","author":"Jafari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, J.J., Liu, Y.J., Li, S.Y., Chen, R.Y., Yu, J., Wang, R., Lu, J.F., Shi, X.Z., Yang, G.J., and Chen, J. (Water Biol. Secur., 2026). 4-Phenylbutyric acid mitigates polystyrene microplastic-induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish via modulating the Mettl3-mediated ER stress pathway, Water Biol. Secur., in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watbs.2026.100584"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109610","article-title":"An immunomodulatory ochratoxin analogue from marine Aspergillus sp. potentiates macrophage defense against Edwardsiella tarda via AIFM1-mediated necroptosis inhibition","volume":"172","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"197","article-title":"Identification of a cytisine-based EED-EZH2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor preventing metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer cells","volume":"1","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Mater. Medica"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"3","article-title":"Palmitoylation-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in teleosts highlights evolutionary divergence in immune regulation","volume":"4","author":"Nie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116224","article-title":"Cytochalasin Z16 reshapes macrophage responses to intracellular pathogens: HSPA5-targeted immunotherapy against zoonotic and foodborne Edwardsiella tarda","volume":"243","author":"Shi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13368","article-title":"Environmental factors affecting Edwardsiella ictaluri-induced mortality of riverine ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel)","volume":"44","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110985","article-title":"Isolation and identification of Edwardsiella tarda from naturally diseased largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and its impact on host immune responses","volume":"168","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38496","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-22439-8","article-title":"Dietary oregano essential oil and sodium butyrate enhance growth, immunity, and gene expression in nile tilapia post-Aeromonas hydrophila infection","volume":"15","author":"Moustafa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.02.368","article-title":"Harmane suppresses microglial neuroinflammatory response and induce antidepressant-like effect in rats","volume":"41","author":"Aricioglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03196-8","article-title":"Harmine alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting CSF3-mediated MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"26","author":"Zhai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.05.126","article-title":"Harmine is an inflammatory inhibitor through the suppression of NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"489","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-021-00639-y","article-title":"Harmine is an effective therapeutic small molecule for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"43","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Min, Y., Wi, S.M., Shin, D., Chun, E., and Lee, K.Y. (2017). Peroxiredoxin-6 negatively regulates bactericidal activity and NF-\u03baB activity by interrupting TRAF6-ECSIT complex. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00094"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deborah, D.C., Timothy, J.B., Tara, D.W., and Catharine, M.B. (2014). Mitochondrial ROS potentiates indirect activation of the AIM2 inflammasome. Front. Microbiol., 5.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00438"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09973","article-title":"TLR signalling augments macrophage bactericidal activity through mitochondrial ROS","volume":"472","author":"West","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.734629","article-title":"Acquisition of a type VI secretion system is critical for Pseudomonas plecoglossicida induced granulomas in fish internal organs","volume":"516","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-025-05508-6","article-title":"Beta carboline alkaloid harmine as biofilm inhibitor: In vitro, in silico and in vivo studies suppressing growth and virulence-related factors against resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"198","author":"Sarkar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114935","article-title":"Targeting the phosphoserine phosphatase MtSerB2 for tuberculosis drug discovery, an hybrid knowledge based\/fragment-based approach","volume":"245","author":"Marie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, H., Huang, Y., Wu, R., Tang, X., Cai, J., Li, S.X., Jiang, L., and Wu, D. (2023). Screening identifies harmine as a novel antibacterial compound against Ralstonia solanacearum. Front. Microbiol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1269567"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.735695","article-title":"Integration of RNA-seq and RNAi provides a novel insight into the effect of pvdE gene to the pathogenic of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and on the immune responses of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)","volume":"529","author":"Xin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.216","article-title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into the role of the flgK gene in the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida to orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)","volume":"43","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124696","article-title":"Chitooligosaccharide boosts the immunity of immunosuppressed blunt snout bream against bacterial infections","volume":"242","author":"Ouyang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2023.108545","article-title":"Butyrate-induced IL-22 expression in fish macrophages contributes to bacterial clearance","volume":"133","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-024-02343-9","article-title":"A macrophage-cell model of HIV latency reveals the unusual importance of the bromodomain axis","volume":"21","author":"Javan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2026.101444","article-title":"Aging, oxidative stress, and cataracts: Therapeutic prospects and translational insights into peroxiredoxin 6","volume":"111","author":"Eri","year":"2026","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"759","article-title":"Structural and functional ddiversity of the Peroxiredoxin 6 enzyme family","volume":"40","author":"Hamidur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2022.2047780","article-title":"PRDX6 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and ferroptosis in periodontitis","volume":"80","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51096","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17002","article-title":"Peroxiredoxin 6 overexpression attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3412","article-title":"Peroxiredoxin 6: A bifunctional enzyme with glutathione peroxidase and phospholipase A2 activities","volume":"15","author":"Fisher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.46.289","article-title":"Central inhibition prevents the in vivo acute toxicity of harmine in mice","volume":"46","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20240445","article-title":"Loss of peroxiredoxin 6 alters lipid composition and distribution resulting in increased sensitivity to ferroptosis","volume":"481","author":"Lagal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. J."}],"container-title":["Antioxidants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/15\/4\/477\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T04:45:13Z","timestamp":1777005913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/15\/4\/477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["antiox15040477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox15040477","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3921"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3921","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]}}}