{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:48:34Z","timestamp":1787500114341,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":168,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MOE AcRF Tier 1","award":["RG111\/23 #023643-00001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG111\/23 #023643-00001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of neuroprotective nutraceuticals as a strategy against neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) has gained considerable traction in recent years. In this review, we highlight ergothioneine (ET)\u2014a naturally occurring thiol\/thione derivative abundant in mushrooms\u2014as a promising candidate, given its long half-life, blood\u2013brain barrier penetration, and high bioavailability. Numerous population studies have linked low blood ET levels with increased risk and progression of neurological and other age-related disorders in humans, suggesting that dietary ET may confer neuroprotective benefits. Supporting this, several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of ET treatment in reducing PD-associated molecular damage across various pre-clinical models such as C. elegans, Drosophila, rodent models and human neuronal cultures, leading to marked improvements in disease phenotypes. Here, we summarize some of the proposed mechanisms by which ET may exert neuroprotection in PD, including the reduction of protein aggregation, enhancement of mitochondrial function, mitigation of oxidative stress, and attenuation of apoptosis and neuroinflammation. We also highlight recent clinical trials demonstrating the safety and potential efficacy of ET and propose future research to facilitate the translation of ET into the clinic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15040519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T09:01:24Z","timestamp":1776848484000},"page":"519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Potential Protection Against Parkinson\u2019s Disease by Ergothioneine\u2014Nature\u2019s Multifactorial Neuroprotectant"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9097-9878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teddy J. W.","family":"Tng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore"},{"name":"IGP-Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9817-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irwin K.","family":"Cheah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3560-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barry","family":"Halliwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5440-2588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kah-Leong","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore"},{"name":"National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.032","article-title":"Hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"186","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102357","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disorders: Mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance","volume":"99","author":"Gadhave","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. 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