{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:27:40Z","timestamp":1785421660301,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANID FONDECYT de Postdoctorado 2023","award":["3230782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3230782"]}]},{"name":"ANID BASAL","award":["FB210015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FB210015"]}]},{"name":"ANID Vinculaci\u00f3n Internacional FOVI","award":["250309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["250309"]}]},{"name":"WASTES","award":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-20758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-20758"]}]},{"award":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-20758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-20758"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03vgpfk89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional and emerging extraction methods for recovering phenolic compounds (PCs) from Pinus radiata bark were investigated for their potential use in bio-composites and bio-based biomaterial applications. To optimize the recovery process, a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Box\u2013Behnken design was used to evaluate the effects of extraction time (20\u2013100 min), temperature (20\u201380 \u00b0C), and water or ethanol-water solvent concentrations with \u03b2-cyclodextrin (\u03b2CD) or NaOH (0.5\u20131.5% w\/v CD\/db). Polyphenolic profiles of the extracts were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, and matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate the thermal stability and degradation behavior of the powdered extracts. Antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS) and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were assessed by spectrophotometric assays and the agar diffusion method, respectively. Highest extraction yields were obtained using alkaline extraction (14.32%) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) (13.86%), followed by ethanol extraction (12.74%). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for P-\u03b2CD was 0.04 mg\/mL, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 0.32 mg\/mL against S. aureus. These results suggest a strong inhibitory capacity at low concentrations and the potential incorporation of these extracts into bio-based antimicrobial biomaterials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15050565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:01:18Z","timestamp":1777474878000},"page":"565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization of Emerging Extraction Techniques for Phenolic Compounds from Pinus radiata Bark: Antioxidant, Thermal Stability and Antibacterial Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6205-9011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Escobar-Avello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Coronel 4191996, Chile"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)\u2014ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"O\u00f1ate-Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Coronel 4191996, Chile"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)\u2014ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5437-461X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Coronel 4191996, Chile"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)\u2014ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad 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