{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:20:06Z","timestamp":1780482006333,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stein Erik Hagens Foundation for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo"},{"name":"Pharma Nord Aps, Vejle"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Inflammation in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to cardiovascular disease through the local production of pro-inflammatory cytokines affecting the adjacent myocardium. Selenium (Se) is essential for selenoprotein-mediated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. We investigated associations between Se status and inflammatory markers in EAT and in the circulation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Patients with CAD undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 52) and valve disease patients receiving valve replacement serving as controls (n = 22) were included from the ATICH study. EAT biopsies were obtained during open-chest chest surgery. Serum Se was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Associations between Se and EAT mRNA expression of Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components and cytokines, as well as circulating inflammatory markers, were assessed using Spearman\u2019s rho and group comparisons based on median Se levels. Results: Se concentrations were lower in CAD patients than controls (0.9 vs. 1.1 \u00b5mol\/L, p = 0.025). In CAD patients, Se levels correlated with EAT expression of CASP1 and IL18, and with circulating IL-6. Se levels above the median were associated with lower EAT expression of CASP1 and NLRP3 and reduced IL-6 levels (p &lt; 0.05, all). Our analysis of publicly available RNA seq data demonstrated selenoprotein\u2019s presence in EAT. Conclusion: Lower Se status in CAD was associated with increased systemic and EAT inflammation, suggesting a role for selenoprotein-dependent antioxidant mechanisms in regulating cardiac adipose tissue inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15060687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:33:14Z","timestamp":1780479194000},"page":"687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Selenium Status Is Associated with Inflammation in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9229-3132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trine Baur","family":"Opstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9449-4133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik Lossius","family":"Opdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5170-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steen","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sissel","family":"\u00c5kra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8130-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheryl","family":"Palmero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theis","family":"T\u00f8nnessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svein","family":"Solheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6381-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urban","family":"Alehagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9502-6841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida Gjervold","family":"Lunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, 0450 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, 1478 L\u00f8renskog, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv428","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in Europe\u2014epidemiological update 2015","volume":"36","author":"Townsend","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shao, C., Wang, J., Tian, J., and Tang, Y.D. (2020). 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