{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:03:08Z","timestamp":1780484588303,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with respiratory dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and can increase pulmonary tissue stress during exercise. Thus, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrite (NO2\u2212) concentrations in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) were compared during an official wheelchair rugby match. 14 males and two females with SCI (33.3 \u00b1 6.5 years), anthropometry, baseline spirometry, and the International Wheelchair Rugby Federation classification (IWRF) were recorded. Playing time (23.6 \u00b1 7.49 min), Borg scale (4.3 \u00b1 1.64), and [H2O2] EBC and [NO2\u2212] EBC were determined before and 20 min after the match. In the total sample, [H2O2] EBC and [NO2\u2212] EBC increased post-match (p = 0.0042 and p = 0.031, respectively). When segmented according to IWRF classification, the highest functional capacity, H group (&gt;1.5 points; n = 11) increased its [H2O2] EBC per exercise (p = 0.0029) and showed a trend for [NO2\u2212] EBC (p = 0.09), while the lowest classification, L group (\u22641.5 points; n = 5) showed a higher baseline concentration in both EBC markers with no changes per exercise. Baseline IWRF classification was inversely correlated with [H2O2] EBC, while body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with [NO2\u2212] EBC. In conclusion, in the sample analyzed, a short period of moderate intensity during a wheelchair rugby match increases H2O2 and NO2\u2212 in the airway with a potentially greater effect in SCI athletes with better functional capacity; it remains to be determined whether this phenomenon corresponds to a physiological or pathological process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15060705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:33:14Z","timestamp":1780479194000},"page":"705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["H2O2 and NO2\u2212 in Exhaled Breath Condensate Increase After a Wheelchair Rugby Match in Paralympic Athletes: A Possible Effect of Functional Classification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8294-2522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristi\u00e1n","family":"Rosales-Antequera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology of Effort (LIBFE), Kinesiology School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monse\u00f1or \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile"},{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 8320000, Chile"},{"name":"Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinesiology and Occupational Therapy Unit, Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago 8880465, Chile"},{"name":"Wheelchair Rugby National Team, Chile Paralympic Committee, \u00d1u\u00f1oa 7750000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4942-2346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gin\u00e9s","family":"Viscor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7131-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9501-3159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar F.","family":"Araneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology of Effort (LIBFE), Kinesiology School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Monse\u00f1or \u00c1lvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17018","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.18","article-title":"Traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"3","author":"Ahuja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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