{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:49:32Z","timestamp":1785408572540,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013129","name":"Ministry of SMEs and Startups","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S3460045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S3460045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["S3460045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S3460045"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022c4zk48","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00418203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00418203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RS-2024-00418203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00418203"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008nkqk13","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder driven by Th2 immune dysregulation, persistent inflammation, and epidermal barrier defects. Oxidative stress acts as a major upstream factor in this process, amplifying inflammatory signals and worsening disease severity. While current treatments relieve acute symptoms, long-term application is often constrained by side effects and poor barrier restoration, pointing to a need for safer, multifaceted alternatives. Here, we formulated a complex of Torilis japonica extract (TJE) and GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper(II)) complex and examined its anti-atopic and skin-regenerative properties using a TNF-\u03b1 (Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1)\/IFN-\u03b3 (Interferon-\u03b3)-stimulated HaCaT cell model. TJE decreased the expression of AD-related chemokines (TARC(Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17)) and CTACK(Cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine (CCL27)) as well as IgE production, confirming the suppression of Th2-driven inflammation. An optimized 6:4 ratio (TJE:GHK-Cu) yielded the highest efficacy compared to individual treatments, indicating a synergistic interaction. TJE\u2013GHK-Cu complex suppressed the transcription of key Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13) and promoted keratinocyte migration during wound healing assays. The formulation also displayed strong radical scavenging activity without compromising cell viability. These results demonstrate that the TJE\u2013GHK-Cu complex provides simultaneous anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative benefits, presenting a formulation warranting further investigation for managing AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15070818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:01:17Z","timestamp":1782813677000},"page":"818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Torilis japonica Extract\u2013GHK-Cu Complex Attenuates Th2 Cytokines and Promotes Keratinocyte Recovery: A Potential Antioxidant Strategy for Atopic Dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2045-9793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soojin","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4333-9023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihye","family":"Maeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7862-5143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4623-588X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaewon","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Bio-Living Engineering Major, Global Leaders College, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00149-X","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"387","author":"Weidinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21060","article-title":"New insights into atopic dermatitis","volume":"113","author":"Leung","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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