{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:43:43Z","timestamp":1790016223812,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["CN_00000033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN_00000033"]}]},{"award":["CN_00000033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN_00000033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glycyrrhiza glabra leaves (GGL) are an underutilized by-product of the licorice supply chain and a valuable source of bioactive flavanones. In this study, supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE-CO2) was optimized for the selective recovery of leaf-exudate flavanones (pinocembrin, licoflavanone, and glabranin). Response surface methodology combined with UHPLC\u2013UV profiling enabled the identification of optimal conditions, yielding high-purity (31% flavanones), solvent-free, and ready-to-use enriched extracts. SFE-CO2 outperformed solvent-based liquid extraction in terms of selectivity and enrichment capacity. Path2Green assessment indicated an environmentally sustainable and scalable profile. The extract exhibited antioxidant and anti-aging effects in a yeast model of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), extending lifespan and reducing oxidative stress. Pinocembrin, the most abundant flavanone, inhibited \u03b1-synuclein aggregation in vitro and ameliorated PD-related phenotypes in a Drosophila melanogaster model, improving locomotor performance and increasing cellular energy metabolism. These results support the sustainable valorization of GGL into flavanone-enriched extracts with potential nutraceutical applications for aging-related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15070874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T08:04:31Z","timestamp":1784016271000},"page":"874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Selective Recovery of Flavanone-Enriched Fractions from Glycyrrhiza Glabra Leaves by Supercritical CO2 Extraction with Neuroprotective Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Serio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"},{"name":"PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0937-137X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Lambiase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0859-8230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"},{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6102-2762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Lisa","family":"Piccinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"},{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6357-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Celano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"},{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9251-110X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgia","family":"Spandri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1246-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farida","family":"Tripodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-2384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Campone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1381-042X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Pagliari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5898-5883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Coccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Solana-Manrique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, European University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Paricio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariateresa","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), Department of Agriculture Science, University of Reggio Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1065-5804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Labra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0718-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Rastrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"},{"name":"National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6178","article-title":"Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review","volume":"32","author":"Pastorino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2016.1261300","article-title":"Phytochemical Composition, Health Effects, and Crop Management of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.): A Medicinal Plant","volume":"34","author":"Karkanis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2021.113688","article-title":"Specialized Metabolite Profiling of Different Glycyrrhiza glabra Organs by Untargeted UHPLC-HRMS","volume":"170","author":"Celano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Docimo, T., Celano, R., Lambiase, A., Di Sanzo, R., Serio, S., Santoro, V., Coccetti, P., Russo, M., Rastrelli, L., and Piccinelli, A.L. (2024). Exploring Influence of Production Area and Harvest Time on Specialized Metabolite Content of Glycyrrhiza glabra Leaves and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Properties. Antioxidants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13010093"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.114032","article-title":"Current Advances on the Therapeutic Potential of Pinocembrin: An Updated Review","volume":"157","author":"Elbatreek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.14592","article-title":"Structures and In Vitro Antihepatic Fibrosis Activities of Prenylated Dihydrostilbenes and Flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Leaves","volume":"84","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frattaruolo, L., Carullo, G., Brindisi, M., Mazzotta, S., Bellissimo, L., Rago, V., Curcio, R., Dolce, V., Aiello, F., and Cappello, A.R. (2019). Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Flavanones from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) Leaf Phytocomplexes: Identification of Licoflavanone as a Modulator of NF-KB\/MAPK Pathway. Antioxidants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8060186"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379850","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/379850","article-title":"Pinocembrin: A Novel Natural Compound with Versatile Pharmacological and Biological Activities","volume":"2013","author":"Rasul","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2011.01.009","article-title":"Phytocomplexes from Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) Leaves\u2014Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Anti-Genotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity","volume":"82","author":"Siracusa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1761","article-title":"Selective COX-2 Inhibitory Properties of Dihydrostilbenes from Liquorice Leaves-in Vitro Assays and Structure\/Activity Relationship Study","volume":"9","author":"Trombetta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b04155","article-title":"Identification and Enrichment of \u03b1-Glucosidase-Inhibiting Dihydrostilbene and Flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Leaves","volume":"65","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-024-04529-5","article-title":"Bio-Control of Soil-Borne Virus Infection by Seed Application of Glycyrrhiza glabra Extract and the Rhamnolipid Rhapynal","volume":"260","author":"Fomitcheva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-12-21-2813-RE","article-title":"Biocontrol of Plant Diseases Using Glycyrrhiza glabra Leaf Extract","volume":"106","author":"Hermann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-01-23-0037-R","article-title":"New Insights into the Anti-Oomycete Mechanisms of a Leaf Extract from Glycyrrhiza glabra Against Pseudoperonospora Cubensis","volume":"114","author":"Porsche","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1021\/np020365s","article-title":"New Dihydrostilbene Derivatives from the Leaves of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity","volume":"66","author":"Biondi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1021\/np050034q","article-title":"Dihydrostilbene Derivatives from Glycyrrhiza glabra Leaves","volume":"68","author":"Biondi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58537-y","article-title":"Feeding Preference of Altica Deserticola for Leaves of Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. Uralensis and Its Mechanism","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2008.03432.x","article-title":"Harnessing Plant Trichome Biochemistry for the Production of Useful Compounds","volume":"54","author":"Schilmiller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2019.05.037","article-title":"Green Extraction of Natural Products. Origins, Current Status, and Future Challenges","volume":"118","author":"Chemat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-023-04969-0","article-title":"Towards Green Extraction of Bioactive Natural Compounds","volume":"416","author":"Herrero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-025-04179-9","article-title":"Supercritical CO2 Coprocessing of Agricultural Materials for the Extraction of Bioactives","volume":"19","author":"Inoubli","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Bioprocess Technol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2025.2527946","article-title":"Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Oil from Fruit Seed By-Product: Advances, Challenges, and Pathways to Commercial Viability","volume":"66","author":"Mazumder","year":"2026","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.142392","article-title":"Carob (Ceratonia Siliqua) Leaves: A Comprehensive Analysis of Bioactive Profile and Health-Promoting Potential of an Untapped Resource","volume":"468","author":"Serio","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2025.e00825","article-title":"Acteoside Exerts Neuroprotective Effects by Preventing \u03b1-Synuclein Aggregation and Oxidative Stress in Models of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"23","author":"Lambiase","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2005.06.040","article-title":"Drosophila DJ-1 Mutants Show Oxidative Stress-Sensitive Locomotive Dysfunction","volume":"361","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.364","article-title":"Identification of Potential Therapeutic Compounds for Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Drosophila and Human Cell Models","volume":"108","author":"Sanz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.036","article-title":"Enhanced Activity of Glycolytic Enzymes in Drosophila and Human Cell Models of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Based on DJ-1 Deficiency","volume":"158","author":"Sanz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.2012.00831.x","article-title":"A Handbook for Uncovering the Complete Energetic Budget in Insects: The van Handel\u2019s Method (1985) Revisited","volume":"37","author":"Foray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117410.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2023.117410","article-title":"Compressed Fluids for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Plants, Food by-Products, Seaweeds and Microalgae\u2014An Update from 2019 to 2023","volume":"169","author":"Montero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1772283","article-title":"An Inclusive Overview of Advanced Thermal and Nonthermal Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds in Food and Food-Related Matrices","volume":"38","author":"Zia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2014.07.029","article-title":"Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Convergence Chromatographic Determination of Parthenolide in Tanacetum parthenium L.: Experimental Design, Modeling and Optimization","volume":"95","author":"Alberti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Supercrit. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2007.09.005","article-title":"Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lycopene from Tomato Skin with Central Composite Rotatable Design Model","volume":"60","author":"Kassama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.113169","article-title":"Novel Brazilian Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Extracts through Supercritical CO2 Extraction: Enhancing Hop Processing for Greater Sustainability","volume":"172","author":"Pinto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122581.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2021.122581","article-title":"Extraction of Medicinal Cannabinoids through Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technologies: A Review","volume":"1167","author":"Qamar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.04.009","article-title":"Comparison of Essential Oils of Clove Buds Extracted with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Other Three Traditional Extraction Methods","volume":"101","author":"Guan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2011.02.013","article-title":"Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Helichrysum Italicum: Influence of CO2 Density and Moisture Content of Plant Material","volume":"57","author":"Ivanovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Supercrit. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2017.03.014","article-title":"Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa L.","volume":"129","author":"Rovetto","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Supercrit. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2019.01.020","article-title":"Extraction, Isolation and Purification of Tetrahydrocannabinol from the Cannabis sativa L. Plant Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Solid Phase Extraction","volume":"146","author":"King","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Supercrit. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2009.12.009","article-title":"Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Active Principles from Magnolia Officinalis Using the Taguchi Design","volume":"71","author":"Cheah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.7b01665","article-title":"Solubility Parameter of Carbon Dioxide-an Enigma","volume":"3","author":"Marcus","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10087","DOI":"10.1039\/D4GC02512A","article-title":"Path2Green: Introducing 12 Green Extraction Principles and a Novel Metric for Assessing Sustainability in Biomass Valorization","volume":"26","author":"Contieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1039\/C5GC01008J","article-title":"CHEM21 Selection Guide of Classical- and Less Classical-Solvents","volume":"18","author":"Prat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Won, S.J., Fong, R., Butler, N., Sanchez, J., Zhang, Y., Wong, C., Tambou Nzoutchoum, O., Huynh, A., Pan, J., and Swanson, R.A. (2022). Neuronal Oxidative Stress Promotes \u03b1-Synuclein Aggregation In Vivo. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11122466"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4724920.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4724920","article-title":"The Nrf2\/HO-1 Axis as Targets for Flavanones: Neuroprotection by Pinocembrin, Naringenin, and Eriodictyol","volume":"2019","author":"Habtemariam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skou, L.D., Johansen, S.K., Okarmus, J., and Meyer, M. (2024). Pathogenesis of DJ-1\/PARK7-Mediated Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13040296"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.021","article-title":"Antioxidant Compound Supplementation Prevents Oxidative Damage in a Drosophila Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"61","author":"Casani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41605.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e41605","article-title":"Animal Models in Biomedical Research: Relevance of Drosophila Melanogaster","volume":"11","author":"Obafemi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420453.","DOI":"10.1080\/19336934.2024.2420453","article-title":"Exploring the Versatility of Drosophila Melanogaster as a Model Organism in Biomedical Research: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"19","author":"Aja","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fly"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm050238","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.050238","article-title":"Increase in Brain Glycogen Levels Ameliorates Huntington\u2019s Disease Phenotype and Rescues Neurodegeneration in Drosophila","volume":"16","author":"Onkar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dis. Models Mech."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6556","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-61862-3","article-title":"Human Glycogenins Maintain Glucose Homeostasis by Regulating Glycogen Metabolism","volume":"16","author":"Weng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2023.11.007","article-title":"Clinical Development and Informatics Analysis of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Flavonoid Drugs: A Critical Review","volume":"63","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."}],"container-title":["Antioxidants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/15\/7\/874\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T08:15:14Z","timestamp":1784016914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/15\/7\/874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["antiox15070874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox15070874","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3921"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3921","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]}}}